Effect of administration of Bifidobacterium longum, with or without inulin prebiot...
Abstract
The etiology of DM is multifactorial related to genetic, environmental, food and metabolic factors. Several findings reveal an association between diet, gut Dysbiosis and the activation of immunological mechanisms, which results in the pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D and T2D). It is shown that probiotics control the gut Dysbiosis, improve the intestinal permeability and provide an epithelial barrier function. More recent studies have evidenced that probiotics also exert a variety of local and systemic immunomodulatory effects through mucosal immunity stimulation, short chain fatty acid production and generation of regulatory T lymphocytes. In this context, we found reduced abundance of probiotic bacteria, in special Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium sp., during the T1D. The administration of the inulin prebiotic was able to increase the A. muciniphila in the gut and to confer protection to this disease. Based on these evidence, through preclinical studies, we will to evaluate the effect of recomposition/modulation strategies of gut microbiome using these natural probiotics, recombinant (Lactococcus lactis hsp65 and IL-6) and prebiotics, such as to determine the immunoregulatory mechanisms that could prevent the onset or delay the progression of T1D and T2D. A longitudinal study will also be conducted in newly diagnosed diabetic patients to identify changes in the intestinal microbiome and correlate with clinical and immunological parameters during the disease progression in order to elucidate new biomarkers for diagnosis or treatment. The search for immunoregulation alternatives based on probiotics is very promising, since its production would have a low cost and would be safe for therapeutic application. (AU)