New approaches in the development of soybean genotypes with emphasis on the non-transgenic market and special characters

• Grant number: 19/12221-8
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Innovative Research in Small Business - PIPE
• Start date: July 01, 2020
• End date: March 31, 2021
• Field of knowledge: Agronomical Sciences - Agronomy - Crop Science
• Principal Investigator: Regina Helena Geribello Priolli
• Grantee: Regina Helena Geribello Priolli
• Company: Regina Helena Geribello Priolli
• CNAE: Cultivo de soja ; Produção de sementes certificadas ; Atividades de apoio à agricultura
• City: Piracicaba
• Associated researchers: José Baldin Pinheiro ; Natal Antonio Vello
• Associated research grant(s): 22/11622-1 - New approaches in the development of soybean genotypes with an emphasis on the non-transgenic market and special characters, AP.PIPE
• Associated scholarship(s): 20/07757-3 - New approaches in the development of soybean genotypes with emphasis on the non-transgenic market and special characters, BP.PIPE; 20/07778-0 - New approaches in the development of soybean genotypes with emphasis on the non-transgenic market and special characters, BP.TT

Abstract

Soybean is one of the most economically important crops in the world. Soybean meal is the main source of protein for animal production and soybean oil is one of the main consumer products of the food industry, cosmetics and biodiesel production. In Brazil, this crop has a consolidated productive chain as the most important agribusiness commodity. Traditionally used as raw material for the production of oil and protein, soybean can also be used in natura and in human food. Considering these aspects, this proposal includes the creation of a breeding company focused on special niches, whose initial focus will be the development of soybean cultivars produced in a conventional (non-GM) system and with traits such as oil with a high content of fatty acid oleic and low linolenic acid content, high total protein content; taste of vegetable soybean (edamame), as well as, resistance to the bed bug complex and tolerance to soybean Asian rust. The great challenge of the proposal and the company is to shorten the launching period of the cultivars with these characteristics, taking into account the high market demand for non-transgenic and high value-added seeds. Techniques involving partial sequencing of genomes and their reduction of complexity, such as GBS (Genotyping by sequencing) libraries will be performed in a collection of soybean genotypes of the breeding program, consisting of commercial cultivars and Plant Introductions (PI). By means of the genotypic and phenotypic analysis of the available materials, SNPs will be detected in mapping by association, confirmed in segregating populations and later used in the genomic selection of the breeding program. It is important to note that the breeding program in partnership with the University of São Paulo, by means the licensing of lineages, already has genetic materials that contain some of the characteristics desired for human consumption. Therefore, this project also intends to license these materials in regional trials of cultivation and use value (VCU) and of distinguishability, homogeneity and stability (DHE). Seeds of these materials preserved in cold rooms will be propagated in a greenhouse to obtain sufficient quantities for the first VCU assays. These trials will be carried out at two locations in the soybean macro-region 2, regions that cover the current site of the breeding program where such genetic materials were selected. In order to consolidate the registration and registration of cultivars, the trials will, in a second moment, be extended to other edaphoclimatic regions for which the cultivars are to be recommended. These same cultivars, along with identified promising materials, could be used to constitute a new cross-block, bringing together more and better characteristics of soybeans for human consumption and resistance to stresses in selection cycles. The development of the SNPs, their consequent use in genomic selection, as well as the commercialization of the genetic material already developed, will lead to a reduction of time and capital sufficient for the beginning of the new cycle of selection of the company and the development of more soybean cultivars with special characters. (AU)