Taurine supplementation associated or not with multicomponent training: effect on white adipose tissue browning and metabolic and molecular responses using the metabolomics approach in elderly women with Sarcopenic Obesity

• Grant number: 22/15078-4
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: October 01, 2023 - September 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Nutrition - Nutrition Biochemistry
• Principal Investigator: Ellen Cristini de Freitas
• Grantee: Ellen Cristini de Freitas
• Host Institution: Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto (EEFERP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva ; Carla Barbosa Nonino ; Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra ; Julio Sérgio Marchini ; Wilson Salgado Junior

Abstract

The aging process is accompanied by metabolic and body composition changes, increasing the risk of obesity and sarcopenia. The coexistence of these conditions acts synergistically on each other and is known as sarcopenic obesity. Beige adipose tissue is a type of tissue that emerges from subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), altering its phenotype in a way that resembles the thermogenic functions of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that taurine supplementation and physical exercise are effective interventions in stimulating the aforementioned tissue, promoting what is known as WAT browning, improving energy metabolism and showing benefits on the maintenance of muscle mass via stimulation of the coactivating protein PGC1±. These investigations are scarce in humans and could help health professionals in the adjuvant treatment of sarcopenic obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effects of taurine supplementation associated or not with physical exercise on the browning of the WAT and on the metabolomic profile of sarcopenic obese elderly women. Volunteers with low appendicular lean mass relativized by BMI (<0.51 kg/(kg/m2) and body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 40 kg/m2 will be recruited. These will be subdivided into 4 groups: control group ( Cont), taurine (Tau), exercise (Exe) and exercise and taurine (Exe +Tau) and the duration of the intervention of all groups will be 16 weeks. Data related to anthropometry, body composition, biochemical tests, food intake will be collected and peripheral blood DNA extraction will also be performed to evaluate the methylation pattern. To evaluate the effects on dbrowning, a biopsy of the abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue will be performed to analyze protein, lipidomic, inflammatory and genetic parameters of this tissue pre and post intervention. Data will be analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis test depending on the normality of the data that will be tested by Shapiro-Wilk. Significance level will be admitted for p <0.05. All analyzes will be performed in SPSS version 20 software. (AU)