The role of ultra-processed foods on mineral metabolism, bone mass and cardiovascular system in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

• Grant number: 24/09803-3
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: October 01, 2024
• End date: September 30, 2026
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Medical Clinics
• Mobility Program: SPRINT - Projetos de pesquisa - Mobilidade
• Principal Investigator: Rosa Maria Affonso Moysés
• Grantee: Rosa Maria Affonso Moysés
• Principal researcher abroad: Anna Witasp
• Institution abroad: Karolinska Institutet , Sweden
• Principal researcher abroad: Bengt Lindholm
• Institution abroad: Karolinska Institutet , Sweden
• Principal researcher abroad: Peter Stenvinkel
• Institution abroad: Karolinska Institutet , Sweden
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Medicina (FM). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• City of the host institution: São Paulo
• Associated researchers: Lilian Cuppari ; Maria Eugênia Fernandes Canziani ; Rosilene Motta Elias Coelho
• Associated research grant: 20/15744-9 - Osteoporosis in Chronic Kidney Disease, AP.TEM

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low mass and deterioration of bone tissue microarchitecture, with a consequent increased risk of fractures. OP is common and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the main risk factors for its occurrence. CKD is associated with complex mineral and bone disorders, named CKD-MBD, a syndrome characterized by biochemical, hormonal and bone metabolism disturbances. CKD patients, at all stages of the disease, are at increased risk of developing OP. Currently, in an ongoing project, sponsored by FAPESP (#2020/15744-9, Osteoporosis in CKD), the Brazilian research team will evaluate around 1,000 patients with stages 2-4 CKD, to identify risk factors for OP and the effects of alendronate therapy on bone mass. CKD-MBD markers will be measured in these patients, and a food questionnaire (NOVA score) will be applied, to assess dietary quality. Recent data suggest that a Western diet, which is characterized by a diet with poor dietary quality and with a high proportion of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is associated with several adverse events in the general population, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, CKD, and bone loss. However, the crosstalk between higher intake of UPF and comorbidities commonly observed in CKD, such as CKD-BMD and CVD, has not yet been investigated in a powered and well-controlled cohort of individuals with CKD. The collaboration USP-UNIFESP-Karolinska already exists, and this grant will provide further rationale for new studies using data from the ongoing research. We here propose to test the association between UPF and CKD-MBD biomarkers, bone mass and cardiovascular system. (AU)