Respiratory viral infections and poliomavirus during the first year of life of children exposed to HIV-1 infection

• Grant number: 06/04388-0
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: December 01, 2006 - February 28, 2009
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Maternal and Child Health
• Principal Investigator: Daisy Maria Machado
• Grantee: Daisy Maria Machado
• Host Institution: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (IMT). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate prospectively the frequency and time of occurrence of respiratory viruses and poliomas during the first year of life from a cohort of HIV-infected children.According to the singularities of each agent, we will evaluate the following aspects: 1) Seasonal pattern and types or genotypes circulating for influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, parainfluenzae 2) Characteristics of primary infection and morbidity: poliomavirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus, parainfluenzae, adenovirus, parainfluenzae .3) Vertical transmission of poliomavirus in this population. Casuistic: We intend to enroll 100 children and the respective HIV-infected mothers. The samples in the study intended to answer specific questions for each type of viral infection, as depicted in the Introduction section. According to the objectives, the following samples will be drawn: Mothers: one sample of blood and urine at the first visit to the out patient unit, after the signature of the informed consent. The blood sample will evaluate the prevalence of maternal antibodies directed against the viral infections being investigated in the cohort of children. The urine sample will evaluate de excretion of JC poliomavirus. Children: two blood samples are will be drawn during the follow-up, one between two and six months, the other between 8 and 12 months. In the other visits, urine and saliva samples will be collected at months 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months of life. When children present respiratory symptoms, nasopharyngeal specimens will be examined at the same visit. Additional samples will be necessary according to medical decision and sent to the Laboratory of Virology of Institute of Tropical Medicine (IMTSP). Detection of respiratory virus will be done by indirect immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction performed on nasopharyngeal specimens. Detection of poliomavirus in urine specimens will be done by polymerase chain reaction. The evaluation of maternal antibodies will be done by ELISA. (AU)