Evaluation of human oral microbiota by DNA-Checkerboard technique after oral cleaning with toothbrushes with chlorhexidine digluconate or silver ions impregnated bristles

• Grant number: 11/18472-0
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: March 01, 2012 - February 28, 2013
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Dentistry - Dental Clinics
• Principal Investigator: Vinícius Pedrazzi
• Grantee: Vinícius Pedrazzi
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (FORP). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Ribeirão Preto , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Periodontal disease affects teeth supporting tissues and is characterized by loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone resorption. Its etiology is multifactorial, and the microbial biofilm plays a key role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The literature contains studies showing that the simple cleaning routine with a toothbrush could cause bacteremia. Thus, the toothbrush, which also aids in the removal of biofilm could indirectly lead to the installation of a disease by bacteremia that would follow the toothbrushing. This study aims to evaluate the behavior of microbial biofilm in the oral cavity after the oral hygiene of healthy individuals with toothbrushes with bristles impregnated with chlorhexidine or silver ions. The microbial species involved will be identified and quantified by the Checkerboard DNA hybridization method. Will be used 72 medium-sized brush with soft bristles, divided into three groups with 24 brushes each: 1. Bristles impregnated with chlorhexidine digluconate; 2. Bristles impregnated with silver ions, and 3. Bristles untreated (control). Will be selected 24 patients (12 male and 12 female) with good health, which will use all kinds of brushes to be tested in a randomized, blinded, controlled trial (RCT), designed as a crossover in individuals aged between 18 and 25, who meet the criteria for inclusion in the study. This project was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of FORP / USP (Case No 2011.1.584.58.7). Individuals will be divided into three groups by a computer program, and each group will use a brush type test (chlorhexidine and silver ions) or control for 30 days. After the first month of experiment, will be respect one week washout and groups will restart the experiment by switching the type of brush used previously until everyone has used all kinds of toothbrushes in the proposed study. The averages obtained for each evaluated parameter (incidence and bacterial counts) for each patient will be compared crossing the proposed harvest time (1, 2 and 4 weeks), the sites investigated (supra and subgingival) and the types of brushes (test and control). Because these are continuous variables, data from microbiological parameters (cell count and incidence of species) will be subjected to analysis of variance for repeated measures. Depending on the distribution of data, will use the Tukey-Kramer test or Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc. Differences will be considered significant for p values <0.05. The data will be analyzed using the statistical software NCSS 2007 (NCSS, Kaysville, USA). (AU)