The law state enforcement of the groundwater in the protection areas outcrop Guarani Aquifer in the Araraquara municipality - SP

• Grant number: 13/10689-6
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Start date: August 01, 2013
• End date: January 31, 2016
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Law - Special Rights
• Principal Investigator: Luciana Cordeiro de Souza Fernandes
• Grantee: Luciana Cordeiro de Souza Fernandes
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas (FCA). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Limeira , SP, Brazil

Abstract

Brazilian environmental law aims to ensure the protection and preservation of the environment and, especially, its natural resources, in pursuit of life quality for all, but the lack of effectiveness of the various existing legal diplomas sometimes rendered harmless the purpose of the law. And the Brazilian Environmental Law, supported by constitutional text, seeks to provide tools to promote its success. Water, a vital element and essential in liquid state, located both on the surface and in the subsurface of the country, has suffered from pollution and contamination of their water sources. It is known that surface waters are polluted and contaminated, almost entirely. The groundwater, used on a large scale throughout the country and almost unchecked in some localities, also being committed to its quality and quantity given the various sources of contamination and their vulnerability areas. The constitutional authority to legislate about groundwater was given to the States-Members of Brazil, and the São Paulo state has pioneered to discipline the theme. Moreover, studies show that the soil is the access of pollutants and contaminants to aquifers and so it is necessary to consider the use and ordering the soil aiming at the protection and conservation of groundwater. Added to this the fact of the water quality loss generates huge economic costs, both for the treatment of this water aiming its multiple uses, as for the health treatment of population affected by water diseases, and also for the soil remediation in several contaminated areas identified and identifiable by environmental agencies. The discovery and / or public disclosure of the Guarani Aquifer System - GAS is increasing allowing researchers to conduct efforts to establish guidelines that facilitate the management of this immense water subterranean source for their protection and conservation. In mapping of the SAG in the São Paulo state were identified their outcrop areas, with proposals for technical and legal measures for their protection. The Araraquara city, in Sao Paulo state, fulfilling its constitutional role in protecting the environment, legislated to prevent contamination of the GAS outcrop zone in its territory. (AU)