| Grant number: | 14/27212-0 |
| Support Opportunities: | Regular Research Grants |
| Start date: | May 01, 2015 |
| End date: | April 30, 2017 |
| Field of knowledge: | Health Sciences - Collective Health - Epidemiology |
| Principal Investigator: | Maria Rita Donalisio Cordeiro |
| Grantee: | Maria Rita Donalisio Cordeiro |
| Host Institution: | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil |
| City of the host institution: | Campinas |
| Associated researchers: | José Eduardo Tolezano ; Virgínia Bodelão Richini Pereira |
Abstract
Natural or anthropogenic environmental changes facilitate contact between domestic animals and humans with wildlife and arouse interest on the participation of these animals in the transmission of diseases. The Environmentally Protected Area (EPA) of Campinas, São Paulo, has different environmental characteristics, with abundant organic matter, water resources and wildlife. Nevertheless, the EPA is inserted in the context of environmental changes, resulting, among other factors, of intense and recent colonization. In the region were recorded cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreaks in the 1990s and since 2009 remains the only focus of visceral leishmaniasis transmission (LV) of the municipality. Based on this, the EPA was chosen as the study area, where 82 free ranging wild mammals were captured and sampled in 18 different points between April 2014 and March 2015. Serum, blood and skin samples were collected, primarily intended for the detection of infection with Leishmania spp., in order to investigate a possible sylvatic cycle in canine VL focus of the municipality. Molecular analysis of blood samples allowed detection of the subgenus Leishmania Viannia in the blood of a Didelphis albiventris; Leishmania subgenus Leishmania in another; and Trypanosoma rangeli in a third. This latter finding may indicate the circulation of T. cruzi, American trypanosomiasis agent (AT), when you consider that both parasites overlap in their distribution and compete for hosts and vectors of Rhodnius genus. The EPA also has various areas marked with signs indicating risk of Brazilian spotted fever transmission (BSF), an important disease mainly caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by ticks. Campinas is municipality of the state of São Paulo with the largest number of BSF reported cases from 2007 to September 2015. Based on the above scenario, it is proposed to carry out the investigation of captured wild mammals samples not only for leishmaniasis, but also for BSF and AT, both relevant to the Public Health in the study area. Furthermore, it is proposed additional molecular investigation of Leishmania spp. in skin samples and the investigation of the exact species of Leishmania involved in parasitemia two D. albiventris. (AU)
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