Coinfection Leishmania/HIV-AIDS: Evaluation of prevalence of coinfection and analysis of genotype from Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi.

• Grant number: 16/03165-9
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: December 01, 2016 - November 30, 2018
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Medicine - Medical Clinics
• Principal Investigator: José Angelo Lauletta Lindoso
• Grantee: José Angelo Lauletta Lindoso
• Host Institution: Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (IMT). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: Norival Kesper Junior ; Vera Lúcia Pereira Chioccola

Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi in Latin America. It has been observed an expansion in number of cases and geographical areas. Over the years we have seen a change in the epidemiological behavior, clinical and mortality of the disease in Brazil. Clearly, there was an initial process of suburbanization and subsequent urbanization of the disease, mainly related to the migration from rural to urban area. In contrast, the epidemic of HIV infection made a way contrary, initially occurring in large cities and later moving to less populated cities. As a result of the intersection of transmission areas of disease, we have seen a progressive increase in the prevalence of LV-HIV coinfection, which has interfered with the clinical outcome of the patient, such as increased mortality and recurrence of LV in this population. However, data of Leishmaniasis Control Program demonstrate that the actual prevalence of co-infection is unknown, since around 40% of cases of VL, does not know the status of HIV infection. Host factors seem to be primarily responsible for the worse clinical outcome in this population, especially those related to CD4 cell count and the absence of secondary prophylaxis for LV in patients with HIV. However, factors related to the parasite, as different strains of L (L.) infantum chagasi can influence the outcome. In this project, we will assess the prevalence of Leishmania infection in a cohort of patients with HIV-AIDS from endemic areas of LV and they are in clinical follow-up at the Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas. In order to evaluate the variability of strains of L. (L.) infantum chagasi in patients with HIV/AIDS and try to correlate with clinical outcome, we will analyzed bone marrow samples from patients with diagnosis of VL and HIV from different regions from Brazil. Its principal objective we intended to determine the prevalence of Leishmania infection in patients with HIV/AIDS from autochthonous transmission areas of LV and it determine if there are differences strains of L. (L.) infantum chagasi related infection with or without HIV, with clinical outcome and geographical area of occurrence. (AU)

Scientific publications

(References retrieved automatically from Web of Science and SciELO through information on FAPESP grants and their corresponding numbers as mentioned in the publications by the authors)

CUNHA, M. A.; CELESTE, B. J.; KESPER, N.; FUGIMORI, M.; LAGO, M. M.; IBANES, A. S.; OUKI, L. M.; SIMOES NETO, E. A.; FONSECA, F. F.; SILVA, M. A. L.; et al. Frequency of Leishmania spp. infection among HIV-infected patients living in an urban area in Brazil: a cross-sectional study. BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES, v. 20, n. 1, DEC 25 2020. (16/03165-9, 15/06535-9)

VINICIUS ALVES LIMA; RENATA ELEN COSTA SILVA; LUIZ HENRIQUE MORAES CAETANO CAMARGO; ROBERTO MITSUYOSHI HIRAMOTO; ELCIO DE SOUZA LEAL; LUCIA MARIA ALMEIDA BRAZ; JOSÉ ANGELO LAULETTA LINDOSO. Genetic variability of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum causing human visceral leishmaniasis in the Southeastern Brazil. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, v. 65, 2023-10-20. (16/03165-9, 18/05758-2)

LAULETTA LINDOSO, JOSE ANGELO; VALENTE MOREIRA, CARLOS HENRIQUE; CUNHA, MIRELLA ALVES; QUEIROZ, IGOR THIAGO. Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection: current perspectives. HIV AIDS-RESEARCH AND PALLIATIVE CARE, v. 10, p. 193-201, 2018. (16/03165-9)