Biomethane mobile plant

• Grant number: 17/00011-3
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• Duration: April 01, 2018 - December 31, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Interdisciplinary Subjects
• Principal Investigator: Ednilson Viana
• Grantee: Ednilson Viana
• Host Institution: Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades (EACH). Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo , SP, Brazil
• Associated researchers: André Felipe Simões ; Giovano Candiani ; Homero Fonseca Filho ; Paulo Santos de Almeida
• Associated scholarship(s): 19/16908-8 - Biogas purification at the mobile biomethane plant, BP.TT

Abstract

Brazil generates a large amount of organic waste in the urban space (~ 50% of urban solid waste) with a low rate of utilization and a high rate of waste of raw material when the predominant destination is non-soil disposal methods such as landfills , controlled landfills and / or dumps. On the other hand, a National Solid Waste Policy foresees the use of landfills only for tailings, which causes a change in the process of updating solid waste and places processes such as anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste as a future practice . In addition, little or almost no anaerobic digestion initiative has been verified in Brazil (SNIS, 2014; Siqueira, 2015), especially due to the difficulties of implementing large-scale systems and the way of centralized management. The difficulty of proper segregation of organic waste is another important aspect in the Brazilian scenario and points to the need for technologies that are close to the generating source and allow an acceptance of the process for the latter. In this direction this study focuses on the construction and study of a mobile container biomethane plant not only considering the technical but also the gestational aspect. This work initially involves the construction of the plant with the necessary adaptations, laboratory tests (bench scale and pilot), full-scale EACH tests and finally a financial and eco-efficiency analysis. The technical evaluation of the plant will be based on physical chemical analyzes such as pH, humidity, volatile solids, total solids, fixed solids, temperature, C / N ratio, heavy metals, macronutrients and pathogens. Bench tests will be performed by means of eudiometer tubes and reactor pilot tests built for this purpose and similar to those used by the University of Wisconsin's Environmental Research Innovation Center (ERIC). The results of this study could guide not only effective measures of diversion of raw material (organic waste) from the methods of disposal in the soil, but also favor the elaboration of public policies in the area and new paths for the sustainability of solid waste management in urban space. Communities that are difficult to access to energy in remote locations in Brazil may benefit from this type of work. (AU)