The phenomenon of fortified enclaves in the process of recent urbanization of Ribeirão Preto city - 1995-2015

• Grant number: 16/20423-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Effective date (Start): January 01, 2017
• Effective date (End): December 31, 2017
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Urban and Regional Planning - Fundamentals of Urban and Regional Planning
• Principal Investigator: Jefferson Oliveira Goulart
• Grantee: Camila de Oliveira Gonçalves
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação (FAAC). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Bauru. Bauru , SP, Brazil

Abstract

This research project takes as its object of analysis the spread of fortified enclaves in the contemporary urbanization of Ribeirão Preto (SP). Caldeira (2000) defines the fortified enclaves as "privatized spaces, closed and monitored for residence, consumption, leisure or work," intrinsically propellants urban segregation and motivated by the escalation of violence in the cities. Due to the intensification of this phenomenon from the 1990s, with notable urban sprawl in eastern and southern areas of the city - through the opening of several residential condominiums both horizontal and vertical, shopping centers, office parks, private schools and leisure centers - is taken as chronological cut the last two decades between the years 1995 and 2015. Some references are essential in this study: on one side, Complementary Law n. 501/1995, which established the Master Plan, which also has an impact on urban regulation because there was only one approved revision of this legislation in 2003; the other, the high economic investment flows received by the municipality and the administrative region of Ribeirão Preto, in parallel with increasing slumming process due to the intensification of social inequality and precarious living conditions of the poor (FERNANDES; ADAS, 2004). This case study aims to analyze the reasons and the impact of fortified enclaves in the urban context, drawing on urban literature, relevant legislation and empirical research. (AU)