Investigation of the effects of combined training in the premature immunosenescence associated with obesity

• Grant number: 17/06643-1
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• Start date: August 01, 2017
• End date: September 30, 2020
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physical Education
• Principal Investigator: Claudia Regina Cavaglieri
• Grantee: Diego Trevisan Brunelli
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Educação Física (FEF). Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Campinas , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The present study aims: to verify the gene expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers related to premature immunosenescence associated with obesity in healthy and obese middle-aged adult individuals; to investigate the effects of regular physical exercise on the gene expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers related to the premature immunosenescence associated with obesity in obese middle-aged adult individuals. The sample will be composed of middle-aged obese individuals (body mass index (BMI) 30 -35 kg/m²) diabetic type 2, of both sexes, who will be distributed in Control Group (CG) and Combined Training group (CT). In addition, a group of volunteers of the same age and healthy (BMI 20 - 25 kg / m²) will be used as a Healthy Control Group (HCG) to compare the variables at the initial moment. The functional measurements (muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness), body composition (plethysmography), biochemical (serum concentrations of leptin, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, immunoglobulin G (IgG), TNF-±, Anti-CMV and anti-EBV) and molecular (leptin, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF- ± gene expression of leukocytes and adipose tissue) will be performed before (pre) and after (post) the experimental period. The CT program will be composed of strength training (30 min, 1-3 sets of 8 to 12 repetitions, 50-75% of 1RM, 1-1 min. and 30 sec. of interval) followed aerobic training (35 min. at 50-60% VO2max) in the same session, performed 3 times weekly for 16 weeks. The CT program will consist of performing strength training (~ 30 min, 1-3 sets of 8 to 12 repetitions, 50 to 75% of 1RM, 1 to 1 min and 30 sec interval) followed by aerobic training (35 min - 50-60% of VO2max) in the same session, performed 3 times a week for 16 weeks. The following hypotheses are expected to be observed: obese middle-aged adults may present in the circulating blood, adipose tissue and leukocytes a greater expression of leptin and other immunosenescence-related pro-inflammatory markers when compared to eutrophic adults of the same Age, thus indicating the presence of an premature immunosenescence associated with obesity; Regular physical exercise, especially CT, may promote decreases in the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers related to the premature immunosenescence associated with obesity, thus contributing to the reestablishment of an adequate control of the immune functions in obese middle-aged individuals. (AU)