Cases of rammed earth in Bragantina region: study in rural and urban areas

• Grant number: 22/07030-1
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• Effective date (Start): August 01, 2022
• Effective date (End): July 31, 2023
• Field of knowledge: Applied Social Sciences - Architecture and Town Planning
• Principal researcher: Paula Ferreira Vermeersch
• Grantee: Matheus Moraes Gonçalves da Silva
• Home Institution: Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Presidente Prudente. Presidente Prudente , SP, Brazil

Abstract

The present work aims to approach and analyze the issue of one of the first construction systems imported to Brazil in the colonial period, the rammed earth, in the Bragantina region, located in the state of São Paulo, in order to show its origin (both in the historical sense and the material used in the buildings under analysis - clay), dissemination, constructive technique and importance for the conservation of the identity and history of the place, mainly because there are few buildings that have been preserved. From this point of view, two buildings listed in the urban area - examples of colonial architecture - in Atibaia by CONDEPHAAT and one of them by IPHAN were used as objects of study. In addition, in order to enhance the presented question, in the neighboring city, Bom Jesus dos Perdões, there is an old coffee farm, located in the countryside, which has an old two-story building (granary on the first floor, slave quarters on the attic) also made of rammed earth and, according to the owner, built by slaves over 300 years ago. In this way, throughout the work, research will be carried out in relation to the mentioned constructions, the origin of the soil used for their formations, and how the use of rammed earth was made both in rural and urban spaces, through comparisons. Finally, the article aims to provide a basis for the preservation of rammed earth buildings in Brazil, with the purpose of preserving the identity of historical architectural assets.(AU)