Impact of HIIT on bone health in adolescent girls: clinical trial on the influence of mechanical impact

• Grant number: 22/08875-5
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master
• Start date: May 01, 2023
• End date: April 30, 2025
• Field of knowledge: Health Sciences - Physical Education
• Principal Investigator: Rômulo Araújo Fernandes
• Grantee: Pedro Henrique Narciso Picchi
• Host Institution: Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Campus de Presidente Prudente. Presidente Prudente , SP, Brazil
• Associated scholarship(s): 23/10153-0 - UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE, IN ADDITION TO DIFFERENT SUPPLEMENTATION MODELS, ON OSTEOKINES AND BONE STRENGTH ASSESSED BY QUANTITATIVE ULTRASOUND (QUS) IN ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, BE.EP.MS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Although osteoporosis is manifested in the elderly, the main phase of life to reduce the risk of developing it is during adolescence, in which bone tissue is more susceptible to external stimuli. The practice of high-intensity interval training promotes a series of health benefits for adolescents; however, its effect on bone tissue is still barely investigated, despite the possibility of associating it to impact (an important factor in stimulating bone development) through the use of treadmills, or performing it without impact, in cycloergometers. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of HIIT with and without mechanical impact (treadmill and cycloergometer, respectively) on bone health in adolescent females. METHODS: The study design will be a randomized clinical trial. Adolescent girls will be recruited and randomized into three groups, two HIIT intervention groups - one treadmill and one cycling - and a control group. The adolescent girls in the intervention groups will train twice a week, performing a HIIT protocol of one minute of effort alternated with one minute of rest, at 8 to 10 repetitions, for three months. The effort load will be determined by applying an incremental protocol until voluntary fatigue, where the speed and incline of the treadmill and the power of the cycle ergometer reached at the moment of voluntary fatigue will be used as the load of the exercise protocol. The adolescents will be assessed by bone densitometry (DXA) where three analyses will be conducted: total body, lumbar spine (L1-L4) and hip. Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) data by segment will be obtained from the lumbar spine and different regions of the hip. The total body analysis provides total and segmented lean soft tissue and body fat data. The hip analysis also provides geometry (CSA, CSMI) and hip strength (Z, BR, SI) data. Markers of bone formation (P1NP) and bone resorption (CTX-I) will be measured by blood analyses. For control and characterization of the sample, information related to physical activity will be collected, blood analyses of calcium and vitamin-D will be taken, as well as lipid profile, glycemia and insulin, and both blood pressure and arterial thickness will be assessed. Data will be described as mean and standard deviation, normality will be assessed through kurtosis and asymmetry, and compared through t-tests and anovas. The statistical significance adopted will be p<0.05.