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| Author(s): |
Sandra Sayuri Nagaki
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP/CIR) |
| Defense date: | 2015-12-09 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria Anice Mureb Sallum;
Andrey José de Andrade;
Eunice Aparecida Bianchi Galati;
Silvio Shigueo Nihei;
Lincoln Suesdek Rocha
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| Advisor: | Maria Anice Mureb Sallum |
| Abstract | |
Anopheles is the Culicidae Family genus most studied because of its medical importance. The genus currently comprises 472 valid species that are divided into seven subgenus. The main vectors of plasmodium malaria in Brazil belong to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus, that includes 39 valid species and a growing number of cryptic species complexes that are divided in three Sections: Myzorhynchella, Albimanus and Argyritarsis. Myzorhynchella Section currently consists of six species: An. lutzii, An. parvus, An. nigritarsis, An. guarani, An. antunesi and An. pristinus. For the morphological analysis, type material deposited in different collections were studied, specimens deposited in the entomological collection of FSP/USP, and other obtained from field collections in different localities in Brazil during this study. The molecular analyzes were taken from specimens obtained in field collections. Taxonomic review of Myzorhynchella Section is presented, including descriptions of four new species and redescriptions of the others, information on bionomics, medical importance, molecular characterization, geographical distribution, preservation status of type material, as well as identification keys of adults, fourth instar larvae and male genitalia. The results of phylogenetic analysis using sequences of ITS2, COI and Catalase indicate the existence of at least twelve species within Myzorhynchella Section, the specimens which have been identified as An. antunesi is a species complex formed by possible five species and those of An. parvus and An. pristinus may also represent species complexes. The ITS2 sequences can be used as a diagnostic marker for species of Myzorhynchella Section. However, the study also shows that little is known about the diversity of Anopheles species that occur in environments where malaria occurs in low endemicity. By the number of new species found and the lack of studies with species of the Section, it is evident the need for further studies. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/13322-0 - Review of Myzorhynchella Section of the Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae) |
| Grantee: | Sandra Sayuri Nagaki |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |