Impact of high-intensity intermittent training on cognitive function, morphological and immunometabolic changes of adults with obesity

Author(s)

Daniela Sayuri Inoue Yoshimura

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Presidente Prudente. 2019-07-01.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia. Presidente Prudente
• Defense date: 2019-06-18
• Advisor: Fábio Santos de Lira

Abstract

High-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) is turning popular as a more attractive, enjoyable and time-efficient aerobic exercise to develop health benefits. Generally, moderateintensity continuous training (MICT) is indicated as a better way to treat obesity and several studies have compared the efficiency of HIIT with MICT over different parameters, but with the limitation of an efficient workload equalization, making the results dubious. In addition, there is as yet no evidence how HIIT could positively impact immunometabolic and cognitive function variables that could be related to BDNF isoforms as well as the expression of proteins involved in their cleavage (furin, tPA and MMP-9) and their receptors (p75 and sortilin, for example). Therefore, the aim of this study was verify the impact of HIIT on the cognitive function, morphological and immunometabolic changes of adults with obesity. Twenty-two men with previously sedentary obesity, randomly assigned to a HIIT or MICT group, participated in this study, who had the workload matched by energy expenditure. Body composition, physical fitness, cognitive performance and immunometabolic variables were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the six weeks of training (performed 3x per week). Regarding body composition, there were reductions in total body fat, besides improvements in waist circumference and subcutaneous fat that may have corroborated with the immunometabolic improvement through a lower insulin resistance and a decrease in free fatty acids concentrations, besides the reductions of systolic blood pressure in both training groups. Regarding BDNF, neither the mature isoform (mBDNF) or proBDNF has shown changes in fasting concentrations, but six weeks of MICT and HIIT have led to increased mBDNF concentrations in response to the exercise session. Regarding molecular aspects, MICT has led to lower expression of NFκB as opposed to HIIT that has led to higher expression of this protein as well as MMP-9. In addition, MICT and HIIT increased the expression of sortilin. In conclusion, six weeks of HIIT promoted benefits in body composition, physical fitness, insulin resistance and cognitive function in men with obesity equivalent to MICT, but with a timeefficient effect. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/22402-9 - "Impact of high intensity interval exercise on cognitive function, morphological changes and systemic imunometabólicas of young people with obesity"
• Grantee: Daniela Sayuri Inoue Yoshimura
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate