Impact of the ketogenic diet on oxidative, physical and lipid characteristics of lipoproteins in children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy

Author(s)

Patricia Azevedo de Lima

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ)
• Defense date: 2014-08-11

Examining board members

Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno; Maria Cristina de Oliveira Izar; Elza Márcia Targas Yacubian

• Advisor: Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno

Abstract

Introduction - The ketogenic diet (KD) is a non-pharmacological treatment prescribed for children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy. Objective To assess the impact of the classic ketogenic diet in the oxidative, physical and lipid lipoprotein characteristics of children and adolescents with refractory epilepsy. Methods - Single arm, times series trial with recruitment of children and adolescents 1-19 years of both sexes of the Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, after doctor indication for treatment with KD. Biochemical parameters were analyzed: lipid profile, level of non esterified fatty acids (NEFAS), LDL electronegative [LDL (-)], anti-LDL (-), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), subfractions of high density lipoprotein (HDL), subfractions of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and LDL size. In addition, anthropometric measurements for classification of nutritional status, body composition by bioimpedance electrical and dietary intake through food records evaluated in 3 days. All these measures were collected before the KD (T = 0), three months after the KD (T1) and 6 months after KD (T2). Results - The level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL, HDL, apolipoproteins (Apo A-I and Apo B) and non-HDL increased significantly in T1 and T2. The rations TC/HDL, LDL/HDL and APOB/APO A-I also showed a significant increase indicating higher increase in lipoproteins and apolipoproteins atherogenic. Despite these increases, any such rations or levels of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins progressive increase comparing T1 versus T2. Conversely, we observed a progressive increase along time in the levels of NEFAS, small LDL and reduction of LDL size of 27.3 nm (T0) to 26.7 nm (T2). The levels of TBARS increased while LDL (-) reduced. The classification of nutritional status as well as the % of lean mass and % of fat mass didn´t change along time. Conclusions - The KD showed a negative impact on lipid metabolism contributing to increased small LDL particles and a more atherogenic phenotype. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/03775-0 - Impact of a ketogenic diet in the oxidative characteristics, physical and lipid lipoproteins of children with intractable epilepsy
• Grantee: Patricia Azevedo de Lima
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master