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| Author(s): |
Camila de Oliveira Ramos
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Limeira, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas |
| Defense date: | 2021-12-01 |
| Examining board members: |
Dennys Esper Cintra;
Fernando Moreira Simabuco;
Igor Luchini Baptista;
Luiz Osório Leiria;
Maíra Felonato
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| Advisor: | Dennys Esper Cintra |
| Abstract | |
Introduction: Obesity is a condition strongly associated with insulin resistance as well as chronic and low-grade inflammatory process, which together favor the development of several diseases, including some lung diseases. Omega 3 (?3) fatty acids are widely investigated for their anti-inflammatory potential, with the GPR120 receptor being partially responsible for this response. However, there is little evidence about the action of this fatty acid in the lung parenchyma, especially in the context of obesity. Objective: To evaluate the effects of flaxseed oil, rich in alpha-linolenic ?3 type, on the lung of obese mice, together with the possible participation of the GPR120 receptor. Materials and methods: 4-week-old male Swiss mice were divided into 3 groups: Control (CT): fed commercial chow for 16 weeks; Obese (HF - High fat diet): fed a high fat diet for 16 weeks and the Obese Group, treated with flaxseed oil (FS - Flaxseed), who initially received a high fat diet for 8 weeks and, later, a high fat diet, replaced in 1/3 of the pork fat per flaxseed oil for another 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental protocol, the animals were euthanized and blood, bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissue were collected for analysis of flow cytometry, inflammatory cell count, Western blot, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, histology, and metabolomics. Results: The consumption of a high-fat diet induced an increase in body mass gain, hyperglycemia, hyperleptinemia and insulin resistance when compared to the CT group. Although flaxseed oil treatment did not change mass gain, fasting glucose as well was glucose and insulin tolerance tests reduced serum leptin concentration when compared to the HF group. In the lung parenchyma, obesity induced a reduction in the total saturated, polyunsaturated and omega-6 fatty acids, and an increase in the total monounsaturated content. Furthermore, it reduced the content of palmitic, stearic, and arachidonic acid fatty acids. The FS group showed an increase in the total content of omega-3, alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic fatty acid. Flow cytometry showed an increased influx of total leukocytes in the HF group purchased from the CT group, while for the other inflammatory cells analyzed there was no difference. Obesity induced an increase in IL1? content and reduced IL10 compared to control animals, while treatment with flaxseed oil reduced IL1? and IL18 content compared to HF groups but promoted an increase in MCP1 content. The content of the GPR120 receptor in the lung parenchyma showed an increase only in the FS group. Conclusion: The data together showed that the dysmetabolic condition induced by the obesogenic process, by itself, was not able to induce an exacerbated inflammatory response in the lung parenchyma. However, the consumption of flaxseed oil-induced changes in the lipid profile and in the histoarchitecture of the lung parenchyma. Thus, in the context of obesity, the consumption of flaxseed oil, as a source of omega-3, can have harmful effects on the lung, and its consumption should be carefully evaluated (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 17/18665-0 - Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Potential of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Through its GPR120 Receptor, on the Pulmonary Parenchyma of Obese and Diabetic Type 2 Mice, Induced by High-fat Diet. |
| Grantee: | Camila de Oliveira Ramos |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |