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| Author(s): |
Daniel Montanher Polizel
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2014-01-17 |
| Examining board members: |
Ivanete Susin;
Evandro Maia Ferreira;
Maria Claudia Araripe Sucupira
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| Advisor: | Ivanete Susin |
| Abstract | |
The effects of feeding diets with crude glycerin were evaluated in 4 trials using different categories of sheep. Experiment 1: Forty Santa Inês ram lambs were used to determine the effects of partial replacement of corn by crude glycerin on growth, hepatic enzymes, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs fed high-concentrate diets. The diets were isonitrogenous and the protein was adjusted by increasing urea and soybean meal. Increasing levels of crude glycerin were: 0, 5, 10 or 15%. There was quadratic effect for DMI, NDFI, CPI. ADG and final weight. There was a quadratic effect for slaughter BW and dressing percentage, but no difference on longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness and body wall thickness. There was quadratic effect for myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic and rumenic acid. Crude glycerin is a good substitute of corn in high-concentrate diets, improving performance and carcass characteristics when included until 10% of the diet DM. Experiment 2: Fifty lambs were used to determine the effects of partial replacement of corn by crude glycerin on growth, carcass characteristics and hepatic enzymes of lambs fed high concentrate diets. The diets were isonitrogenous and the protein adjusted was performed with increased soybean meal. Increasing levels of crude glycerin were: 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20%. There was an increased in mineral matter intake. Crude glycerin can be used as a substitute for corn in high concentrate diets of ram lambs without affecting performance and carcass characteristics. Experiment 3: Five Santa Inês ram lambs, cannulated in the rumen, were used to determine the effects of using crude glycerin on ruminal constituents, diet digestibility and nitrogen metabolism. The diets were isonitrogenous and crude glycerin was included in the ration at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% in the DM. There was linear decreased on NDF intake and a linear increase in ash intake. Feeding crude glycerin increased DM and OM digestibility. Crude glycerin decreased acetate, acetate:propionate ratio, total SCFA and showed a linear increase on pH. Replacing corn by crude glycerin up to 20% of dietary DM increased DM and OM digestibility, maintained propionate and decreased acetate and total SCFA. When soybean meal was used to adjust the diet protein level, there were no changes on nitrogen metabolism. Experiment 4: One hundred and eighteen 90 d pregnant ewes were used to determine the effects of feeding crude glycerin on performance, NEFA concentration and lamb growth. Diets were isonitrogenous and crude glycerin levels were zero or 10%. From the second until de eighth week of lactation DM intake of the ewes and starter of the lambs were measured. There was an increase on ash intake for the glycerin fed ewes. There was a decrease in milk fat percentage. Crude glycerin fed ewes showed a decrease on blood NEFA. The inclusion of 10% of crude glycerin in the diets of sheep during pregnancy and lactation had no detrimental effect on performance of ewes and lambs. Using 10% of crude glycerin decreases the chances of pregnancy toxemia in ewes. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/14964-6 - Effects of partial replacement of corn by crude glycerin in high-concentrate diets fed to ram lambs on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and diet digestibility |
| Grantee: | Daniel Montanher Polizel |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |