Abstract
Humins-based by-products from sugars (pentoses - C5 and hexoses - C6) hydrolysis/dehydration reactions, catalyzed by acids, become the main responsible for breaking the circularity of the production process of levulinic acid (LA) and furfural ( FUR) and contradicts the triple bottom line concept, a pillar in the circular economy. To maintain the circular chemistry and the technological ad…