Resumo
Characidium, a genus of freshwater fish endemic to the Neotropical region, is the most representative of the family Crenuchidae, with 85 species. In 1993, a morphological phylogenetic analysis included 18 species and indicated the genus as monophyletic. Since then, 46 new species have been described, but most have never been included in a phylogenetic study. In 2011, a molecular study rai…