Abstract
HSP70s represent a crucial class of Molecular Chaperones playing vital roles in cellular protein homeostasis. Within this family, HSPA5 stands out, also known as BiP (Binding immunoglobulin Protein), the most abundantly expressed form of Hsp70 and the only one found in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotes. In addition to the ER, HSPA5 can be found in mitochondria, cyt…