Public Stigma towards Older Adults with Depression: Findings from the Sao Paulo-Manaus Elderly in Primary Care Study

Author(s)

Scazufca, Marcia ^[1] ; de Paula Couto, Maria Clara P. ^[1] ; Huang, Hsiang ^{[1, 2]} ; Kester, Rachel ^[2] ; Braga, Patricia Emilia ^[3] ; Peluso, Erica T. P. ^[4] ; Blay, Sergio L. ^[5] ; Menezes, Paulo R. ^[3] ; Ribeiro, Euler E. ^[6]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Psychiat, Lab Psychopathol & Psychiat Therapeut LIM 23, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, MA - USA

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Prevent Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Anhanguera Univ Sao Paulo UNIAN, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[6] Amazonas State Univ, Open Univ Third Age, Manaus, Amazonas - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 11, n. 6 JUN 28 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 4

Abstract

This study investigates three domains of public stigma (perceived negative reactions, perceived discrimination, and dangerousness) against older adults with depression. The sample comprised of older adults registered with primary care clinics (n = 1,291) and primary health care professionals (n = 469) from Sao Paulo and Manaus, Brazil. Participants read a vignette describing a 70-year-old individual (Mary or John) with a depressive disorder and answered questions measuring stigma. The prevalence of the three stigma domains was between 30.2 and 37.6% among older participants from Sao Paulo and between 27.6 and 35.4% among older participants from Manaus. Older adults from both cities reported similar prevalence of perceived stigma. Key factors associated with stigmatizing beliefs among older participants were reporting depressive symptoms, having physical limitations, and identifying the case of the vignette as a case of mental disorder. Among health professionals, the prevalence of the three stigma domains was between 19.8 and 34.8% in Sao Paulo and 30.2 and 44.6% in Manaus. The key factor associated with stigma among primary health care professionals was city, with consistently higher risk in Manaus than in Sao Paulo. Findings confirm that public stigma against older adults in Brazil is common. It is important to educate the public and primary health care providers in Brazil on stigma related to mental illness in order to reduce barriers to adequate mental health treatment. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/00648-6 - Cluster randomised controlled trial for late life depression in socioeconomically deprived areas of São Paulo, Brazil: a pilot study
• Grantee: Maria Clara Pinheiro de Paula Couto
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctorate