Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation Causes Cardiac Dysfunction and the Impairment Is Attenuated by Resistance Training

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de Campos Giampa, Sara Quaglia ; Monico-Neto, Marcos ; de Mello, Marco Tulio ; Souza, Helton de Sa ; Tufik, Sergio ; Lee, Kil Sun ; Koike, Marcia Kiyomi ; dos Santos, Alexandra Alberta ; Antonio, Ednei Luiz ; Serra, Andrey Jorge ; Ferreira Tucci, Paulo Jose ; Moreira Antunes, Hanna Karen

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 11, n. 11 NOV 23 2016.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

Background Paradoxical sleep deprivation activates the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, subsequently interfering with the cardiovascular system. The beneficial effects of resistance training are related to hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal homeostasis. We hypothesized that resistance training can prevent the cardiac remodeling and dysfunction caused by paradoxical sleep deprivation. Methods Male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: control (C), resistance training (RT), paradoxical sleep deprivation for 96 hours (PSD96) and both resistance training and sleep deprivation (RT/ PSD96). Doppler echocardiograms, hemodynamics measurements, cardiac histomorphometry, hormonal profile and molecular analysis were evaluated. Results Compared to the C group, PSD96 group had a higher left ventricular systolic pressure, heart rate and left atrium index. In contrast, the left ventricle systolic area and the left ventricle cavity diameter were reduced in the PSD96 group. Hypertrophy and fibrosis were also observed. Along with these alterations, reduced levels of serum testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), as well as increased corticosterone and angiotensin II, were observed in the PSD96 group. Prophylactic resistance training attenuated most of these changes, except angiotensin II, fibrosis, heart rate and concentric remodeling of left ventricle, confirmed by the increased of NFATc3 and GATA-4, proteins involved in the pathologic cardiac hypertrophy pathway. Conclusions Resistance training effectively attenuates cardiac dysfunction and hormonal imbalance induced by paradoxical sleep deprivation. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/00152-5 - Effect of resistance exercise in cardiac and skeletal muscle of Wistar rats submitted to paradoxical sleep deprivation
• Grantee: Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants