Effects of periodontitis on the development of asthma: The role of photodynamic therapy

Author(s):Show less -

Candeo, Larissa Carbonera ^[1] ; Rigonato-Oliveira, Nicole Cristine ^[1] ; Brito, Aurileia Aparecida ^[1] ; Marcos, Rodrigo Labat ^[1] ; Franca, Cristiane Miranda ^[2] ; Santos Fernandes, Kristianne Porta ^[1] ; Mesquita-Ferrari, Raquel Agnelli ^{[1, 3]} ; Bussadori, Sandra Kalil ^{[1, 3]} ; Vieira, Rodolfo Paula ^[4] ; Lino-dos-Santos-Franco, Adriana ^[1] ; Ligeiro-Oliveira, Ana Paula ^[1] ; Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Anna Carolina ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Nove Julho UNINOVE, Post Grad Program Biophoton Appl Hlth Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] OHSU Sch Dent, Dept Restorat Dent, Div Biomat & Biomech, Portland, OR - USA

^[3] Univ Nove Julho, UNINOVE, Post Grad Program Rehabil Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Inst Brasileiro Ensino Pesquisa Imunol Pulm & Exer, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PLoS One; v. 12, n. 11 NOV 16 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

To evaluate whether periodontitis modulates lung inflammation in an experimental model of asthma as well as the photodynamic therapy (PDT) is associated with a reduction of lung inflammation. Seventy-two BALB/c male mice (similar to 2 months) were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 9): Basal, Periodontitis (P), P+PT, P+PT+PDT, Asthma (A), A+P, A+P+PT, and A+P+PT+PDT. Periodontitis was induced by using the ligature technique and asthma was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). PT was performed with curettes and PDT with methylene blue (0.005%), lambda = 660nm, with a radiant exposure of 318J/cm(2). After 43 days, euthanasia was carried out prior to lung and mandible morphological analyzes. All of the manipulations of the animals were performed by only one operator. The total and differential cell counts and cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were evaluated in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and in the serum. Mucus and alkaline phosphatase were also quantified. Statistical analyzes were performed by a blinded statistician. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test. Periodontitis group (P) increased alkaline phosphatase and bone resorption (p<0.05), validating the experimental model of periodontitis. The A group and the P group increased the total amount of cells (p<0.05) in the BAL. However, in the A+P group, there was a decrease in these cells, except for in the A+P+PT+PDT group (p< 0.05). The asthma group increased the Th2 cytokines and P group increased the Th1 cytokine profile, and A+P+PT+PDT group increased IL-10 cytokine. Mucus was increased for the A and P groups. In conclusion, periodontitis in the asthmatic mice reduced the inflammatory migrated cells in the BAL (eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages). In addition, it reduced the levels of the IL-4 and TNF-alpha cytokines, which was also accompanied by a decreased mucus production. After PDT treatment the total cell count increased however, this increase was not accompanied by a pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Only in PDT group the anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased. Further studies are needed to understand this mechanism of action. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/20535-1 - Evaluation of periodontal treatment in bronchiectasic patients
• Grantee: Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 12/16498-5 - Effect of low level laser therapy in experimental models of pulmonary chronic diseases
• Grantee: Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/23152-6 - Effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in an experimental model of pulmonary allergic inflammation induced house dust mite (HDM): study of dosimetry
• Grantee: Nicole Cristine Rigonato de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 15/00830-9 - Effects of exposure to ambient/occupational pollution on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Grantee: Adriana Lino dos Santos Franco
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants