CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 modulation by microbial and biomechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues-in vitro and in vivo studies

Author(s)

Rath-Deschner, Birgit ^[1] ; Memmert, Svenja ^{[1, 2]} ; Damanaki, Anna ^[3] ; Nokhbehsaim, Marjan ^[2] ; Eick, Sigrun ^[4] ; Cirelli, Joni A. ^[5] ; Goetz, Werner ^[1] ; Deschner, James ^[3] ; Jaeger, Andreas ^[1] ; Nogueira, Andressa V. B. ^[3]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Bonn, Dept Orthodont, Ctr Dentomaxillofacial Med, Welschnonnenstr 17, D-53111 Bonn - Germany

^[2] Univ Bonn, Sect Expt Dentomaxillofacial Med, Ctr Dentomaxillofacial Med, Bonn - Germany

^[3] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Periodontol & Operat Dent, Mainz - Germany

^[4] Univ Bern, Dept Periodontol, Lab Oral Microbiol, Bern - Switzerland

^[5] Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Dent Araraquara, Dept Diag & Surg, UNESP, Araraquara, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS; MAR 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Objectives This study was established to investigate whether the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 are produced in periodontal cells and tissues and, if so, whether their levels are regulated by microbial and/or mechanical signals. Materials and methods The chemokine expression and protein levels in gingival biopsies from patients with and without periodontitis were analyzed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The chemokines were also analyzed in gingival biopsies from rats subjected to experimental periodontitis and/or orthodontic tooth movement. Additionally, chemokine levels were determined in periodontal fibroblasts exposed to the periodontopathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum and mechanical forces by RT-PCR and ELISA. Results Higher CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 levels were found in human and rat gingiva from sites of periodontitis as compared with periodontally healthy sites. In the rat experimental periodontitis model, the bacteria-induced upregulation of these chemokines was significantly counteracted by orthodontic forces. In vitro, F. nucleatum caused a significant upregulation of all chemokines at 1 day. When the cells were subjected simultaneously to F. nucleatum and mechanical forces, the upregulation of chemokines was significantly inhibited. The transcriptional findings were paralleled at protein level. Conclusions This study provides original evidence in vitro and in vivo that the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, and CCL5 are regulated by both microbial and mechanical signals in periodontal cells and tissues. Furthermore, our study revealed that biomechanical forces can counteract the stimulatory actions of F. nucleatum on these chemokines. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/20715-7 - INFLUENCE OF ORTHODONTIC TOOTH MOVEMENT ON PERIODONTAL DISEASE PROGRESSION IN NORMAL SYSTEMIC HEALTH OR IN OBESITY
• Grantee: Andressa Vilas Boas Nogueira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 17/07137-2 - Effects of obesity on periodontal tissues subjected to biomechanical forces
• Grantee: Joni Augusto Cirelli
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants