Medical applications of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas) tool: A comprehensive overview

Author(s)

Araldi, Rodrigo Pinheiro ^{[1, 2]} ; Khalil, Charbel ^[3] ; Grignet, Pedro Henrique ^[4] ; Teixeira, Michelli Ramires ^[4] ; de Melo, Thatiana Correa ^[4] ; Modolo, Diego Grando ^[5] ; Virgilio Fernandes, Luis Guilherme ^[6] ; Ruiz, Jorge ^{[4, 2]} ; de Souza, Edislane Barreiros ^[7]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Morphol & Genet, Genet Bases Thyroid Tumors Lab, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Integracao Latino Amer UNILA, Programa Posgrad Biociencias, Foz Do Iguacu, PR - Brazil

^[3] Lebanese Univ, Middle East Inst Hlth Univ Hosp, Rev Res & Applicat Ctr, Beirut - Lebanon

^[4] Univ Fed Integracao Latino Amer UNILA, Inst Latino Amer Ciencias Vida & Nat ILACVN, Foz Do Iguacu, PR - Brazil

^[5] Inst Butantan, Genet Lab, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[6] Inst Butantan, Special Lab Vaccine Dev, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias & Letras Assis, Lab Genet Mol Biol & Mutagenesis, UNESP, Assis, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: Gene; v. 745, JUN 30 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Since the discovery of the double helix and the introduction of genetic engineering, the possibility to develop new strategies to manipulate the genome has fascinated scientists around the world. Currently scientists have the knowledge and ability to edit the genomes. Several methodologies of gene editing have been established, all of them working like ``scissor{''}, creating double strand breaks at specific spots. The introduction of a new technology, which was adapted from the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas bacterial immune system, has revolutionized the genetic therapy field, as it allows a much more precise editing of gene than the previously described tools and, therefore, to prevent and treat disease in humans. This review aims to revisit the genome editing history that led to the rediscovery of the CRISPR/Cas technology and to explore the technical aspects, applications and perspectives of this fascinating, powerful, precise, simpler and cheaper technology in different fields. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/06570-6 - Comprehensive whole exome, paired-end RNA and genome sequencing: new insights into genetic bases of thyroid carcinoma in pediatric and adult ages and applications in clinical practice
• Grantee: Janete Maria Cerutti
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/14948-7 - Study of LIMD2 role on thyroid cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition
• Grantee: Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral