Assessment of Gene Flow to Wild Relatives and Nutritional Composition of Sugarcane in Brazil

Author(s):Show less -

Bressan, Eduardo Andrade ^[1] ; Santos de Carvalho, Igor Araujo ^[1] ; Mendes Ribeiro Borges, Maria Teresa ^[2] ; Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio ^[3] ; da Silva, Edson Ferreira ^[4] ; Gazaffi, Rodrigo ^[5] ; Shirasuna, Regina Tomoko ^[6] ; Abreu, Vinicius ^[7] ; Popin, V, Rafael ; Figueira, Antonio ^[8] ; Xavier Oliveira, Giancarlo Conde ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Agr Coll, Dept Genet, Evolut Lab, Piracicaba - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Agr Sci, Dept Agroind Technol & Rural Socioecon, Technol Anal & Simulat Lab, Araras - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Agr Sci, Dept Biotechnol Vegetal & Anim Prod, Plant Biotechnol Lab, Araras - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Biol Dept, Plant Breeding Lab, Recife, PE - Brazil

^[5] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Ctr Agr Sci, Dept Biotechnol Vegetal & Anim Prod, Araras - Brazil

^[6] Vasc Plants Res Ctr, Inst Bot, Herbarium Curatorship Res Nucleus, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] V, Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Nucl Energy Agr, Lab Cell & Mol Biol, Piracicaba - Brazil

^[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Nucl Energy Agr, Plant Breeding Lab, Piracicaba - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY; v. 8, JUN 19 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The commercial release of genetically modified organisms (GMO) requires a prior environmental and human/animal health risk assessment. In Brazil, the National Biotechnology Technical Commission (CTNBio) requires a survey of the area of natural occurrence of wild relatives of the GMO in the Brazilian ecosystems to evaluate the possibility of introgressive hybridization between sexually compatible species. Modern sugarcane cultivars, the focus of this study, derive from a series of hybridization and backcrossing events amongSaccharumspecies. The so-called ``Saccharumbroad sense{''} group includes around 40 species from a few genera, includingErianthus, found in various tropical regions, particularly South-Eastern Asia. In Brazil, three native species, originally considered to belong toErianthus, were reclassified asS. angustifolium(Nees) Trin.,S.asperum(Nees) Steud., andS. villosumSteud., based on inflorescence morphology. Thus, we have investigated the potential occurrence of gene flow among the BrazilianSaccharumnative species and commercial hybrids as a requisite for GMO commercial release. A comprehensive survey was carried out to map the occurrence of the three nativeSaccharumspecies in Brazil, concluding that they are sympatric with sugarcane cultivation only from around 14 degrees S southwards, which precludes most Northeastern sugarcane-producing states from undergoing introgression. Based on phenology, we concluded that the BrazilianSaccharumspecies are unable to outcross naturally with commercial sugarcane since the overlap between the flowering periods of sugarcane and the native species is limited. A phylogenomic reconstruction based on the full plastid genome sequence showed that the three nativeSaccharumspecies are the taxa closest to sugarcane in Brazil, being closer than introducedErianthusorMiscanthus. A 2-year study on eight nutritional composition traits of the 20 main sugarcane cultivars cultivated in Brazil was carried out in six environments. The minimum and maximum values obtained were, in percent: moisture (62.6-82.5); sucrose (9.65-21.76); crude fiber (8.06-21.03); FDN (7.20-20.68); FDA (4.55-16.90); lipids (0.06-1.59); ash (0.08-2.67); and crude protein (0.18-1.18). Besides a considerable amount of genetic variation and plastic responses, many instances of genotype-by-environment interaction were detected. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/50195-2 - Biosafety evaluation of genetic modified cultivars of sugarcane: genetic flow and nutritional composition studies of commercial hybrids
• Grantee: Giancarlo Conde Xavier Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Research Partnership for Technological Innovation - PITE