Fish oil reverses metabolic syndrome, adipocyte dysfunction, and altered adipokines secretion triggered by high-fat diet-induced obesity

Author(s)

da Cunha de Sa, Roberta D. C. ^[1] ; Cruz, Maysa M. ^[1] ; de Farias, Talita M. ^[1] ; da Silva, Viviane S. ^[1] ; Simao, Jussara de Jesus ^[1] ; Telles, Monica M. ^{[1, 2]} ; Alonso-Vale, Maria Isabel C. ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Inst Environm Sci Chem & Pharmaceut, Postgrad Program Chem Biol, Diadema, SP - Brazil

^[2] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Inst Environm Sci Chem & Pharmaceut, Dept Biol Sci, Diadema, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS; v. 8, n. 4 FEB 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The effect of fish oil (FO) treatment on high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome was addressed by analyzing dysfunctions in cells of different adipose depots. For this purpose, mice were initially induced to obesity for 8 weeks following a treatment with FO containing high concentration of EPA compared to DHA (5:1), for additional 8 weeks (by gavage, 3 times per week). Despite the higher fat intake, the HF group showed lower food intake but higher body weight, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, significant dyslipidemia and increased liver, subcutaneous (inguinal-ING) and visceral (retroperitoneal-RP) adipose depots mass, accompanied by adipocyte hypertrophy and decreased cellularity in both adipose tissue depots. FO treatment reversed all these effects, as well as it improved the metabolic activities of isolated adipocytes, such as glucose uptake and lipolysis in both depots, and de novo synthesis of fatty acids in ING adipocytes. HF diet also significantly increased both the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines expression by adipocytes, while HF + FO did not differ from control group. Collectively, these data show that the concomitant administration of FO with the HF diet is able to revert metabolic changes triggered by the diet-induced obesity, as well as to promote beneficial alterations in adipose cell activities. The main mechanism underlying all systemic effects involves direct and differential effects on ING and RP adipocytes. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/03554-2 - The effects of melatonin supplementation on the development of obesity in mice
• Grantee: Talita da Silva Mendes de Farias Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/07638-9 - Melatonin supplementation effect on trans-differentation process from white adipose tissue to brown adipose tissue in obese mice
• Grantee: Talita da Silva Mendes de Farias Carvalho
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Post-doctor
• FAPESP's process: 17/08582-0 - Effects of treatment wih fish oil on metabolic and endocrine dysfunction of adipocytes isolated from animals with metabolic syndrome
• Grantee: Roberta Dourado Cavalcante da Cunha de Sá
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate