Oral Health and Nutritional Characteristics of Adults With Morbid Obesity: A Multivariate Analysis

Author(s)

Marquezin, Maria Carolina Salome ^[1] ; Chaves-Junior, Samuel de Carvalho ^[2] ; Rasera, Jr., Irineu ^[3] ; Pacheco, Elisane Rossin Pessotti ^[4] ; Gaviao, Maria Beatriz Duarte ^[2] ; Lamy, Elsa ^[5] ; Castelo, Paula Midori ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Inst Environm Chem & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Pediat Dent, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Anhembi Morumbi Univ, Piracicaba Med Sch, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Methodist Univ Piracicaba UNIMEP, Dept Physiotherapy, Piracicaba - Brazil

^[5] Univ Evora, MED Mediterranean Inst Agr Environm & Dev, Evora - Portugal

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION; v. 7, NOV 20 2020.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The relationship between oral health and nutritional aspects are complex, especially in individuals with chronic diseases and comorbidities, such as morbid obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify oral health and nutritional-related patterns in 113 individuals, aged 19-68 years (92 females), seeking treatment for morbid obesity. Sociodemographic variables and medical records were examined, in addition to the consumption of fruit, vegetables, candies, and processed foods. Measures of body mass index, neck, waist and hip, caries experience (DMFT index), Community Periodontal Index (CPI index), and salivary physicochemical aspects were gathered. Aspects of oral health-related quality of life and symptoms of dry mouth were evaluated by means of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Xerostomia Inventory-XI questionnaires. K-means cluster analysis and, subsequently, comparisons between clusters (one-way ANOVA) were performed (alpha = 5%). Three clusters were generated: Cluster 1 (labeled ``Young{''}; n = 77) was characterized by younger participants with higher BMI, who reported the use of distractors while eating, the smallest number of meals/day, and who consumed sweetened drinks and processed food the day before. Cluster 2 (labeled ``Diabetic individuals{''}; n = 12) was characterized by older participants with the highest proportion of diabetic participants (100% were diabetic; 73% insulin users), lower BMI, higher DMFT index and OHIP-14 and xerostomia scores, and who reported having consumed fruit and vegetables the day before. Finally, Cluster 3 (labeled ``Poor periodontal health{''}; n = 24) was characterized by participants with the worse periodontal condition (higher CPI), and lower salivary flow, pH, and buffer capacity. Cluster 1 and 2 were the groups that showed higher demand for nutritional and dietetic counseling, because of the poor eating behavior and higher serum glucose levels, respectively. On the other hand, Cluster 2 and 3 showed the higher demand for oral rehabilitation and dental treatment because of the loss of teeth and worse periodontal condition, respectively, besides the need for dietetic counseling. This sample of individuals with morbid obesity showed very unique oral-health and nutritional characteristics and special needs patterns that should be identified to adjust or change unhealthy habits, thus improving the assistance of this condition. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/26400-6 - Impact of gastroplasty on salivary composition and cytomorphology of oral mucosa: follow-up three and six months
• Grantee: Paula Midori Castelo Ferrua
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/10940-9 - Impact of gastroplasty on salivary composition and cytomorphology of oral mucosa: follow-up three and six months
• Grantee: Maria Carolina Salomé Marquezin
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral