Miniplates coated by plasma electrolytic oxidation improve bone healing of simulated femoral fractures on low bone mineral density rats

Author(s):Show less -

Correa Momesso, Gustavo Antonio ^[1] ; Braga Polo, Tarik Ocon ^[1] ; Pereira da Silva, William Phillip ^[1] ; Barbosa, Stefany ^[1] ; Freitas, Gileade P. ^[2] ; Lopes, Helena Bacha ^[2] ; Rosa, Adalberto Luiz ^[2] ; Cordeiro, Jairo Matozinho ^[3] ; Toro, Luan Felipe ^[4] ; Chiba, Fernando Yamamoto ^[5] ; Matsushita, Doris Hissako ^[5] ; Quirino Louzada, Mario Jefferson ^[6] ; da Cruz, Nilson Cristino ^[7] ; Barao, Valentim A. R. ^[3] ; Faverani, Leonardo P. ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Diag & Surg, Div Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, BR-16015050 Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Ribeirao Preto, Bone Res Lab, BR-14040904 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Prosthodont & Periodontol, BR-13414903 Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[4] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biociencias Botucatu IBB, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[5] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Aracatuba Sch Dent, Dept Basic Sci, BR-16018800 Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[6] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, SBFis, Programa Posgrad Multicentr Ciencias Fisiol, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[7] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Sci & Technol Inst Sorocaba ICTS, Lab Technol Plasmas LaPTec, BR-18087180 Sorocaba, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications; v. 120, JAN 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The treatment of polytrauma patients represents a great challenge in the maxillofacial and orthopedic surgery fields. Therefore, this study tested the hypothesis that the use of a bioactive coating (by plasma electrolytic oxidation, PEO) on titanium microplates could improve the fracture healing of low bone mineral density (BMD) rats. Thirty female rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy surgery (OVX), and 35 rats underwent fake surgery (SHAM). Three months later, animals were subjected to femoral fracture simulation and were fixed with either non-coated (CONV) or coated (PEO) titanium miniplates. Eight weeks postoperatively, microplate/bone complexes were analyzed through computed microtomography, histometric, confocal microscopy, molecular, and biomechanical analysis. Bioactive elements (Ca and P) were incorporated on the PEO microplate and the surface was modified in a volcano-like structure. In the microCT analysis the OVX/PEO group had greater values for Tb. Th (bone trabecular thickness), Tb.Sp (separation of bone trabeculae) and Tb.N (number of trabeculae) parameters compared to the OVX/CONV group. According to histometric analysis, the OVX/PEO group showed significantly higher new bone formation than the OVX/CONV group (P < 0.05). For the fluorochrome area, the OVX groups (PEO and CONV) showed greater values for calcein precipitation (old bone) than alizarin red (new bone). Molecular results showed greater values for proteins related to the final phase of bone formation (P < 0.05) in the OVX/PEO group. The OVX/PEO group showed higher bone/miniplate system resilience compared to the others (P < 0.05). It was concluded that PEO coating optimizes bone healing on simulated femoral fractures in low bone mineral density rats. This sheds new light in the treatment of osteoporotic patients with bone fractures. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 16/20297-6 - The influence of commercially pure Titanium (cpTi) coating with Ca and P incorporation produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation on low density bone: An in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo study
• Grantee: Leonardo Perez Faverani
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/00522-0 - Assessment of the femurs fracture healing in the osteoporotic rats through of fixation plates subjected to the plasma eletrolytic oxidation method and calcium and phsophore incorporation
• Grantee: Stefany Barbosa Alves da Cruz
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation