Snake venom color and L-amino acid oxidase: An evidence of long-term captive Crotalus durissus terrificus venom plasticity

Author(s):Show less -

Venancio de Lima, Eduardo Oliveira ^[1] ; Tasima, Lidia Jorge ^{[1, 2]} ; Hatakeyama, Daniela Miki ^{[1, 2]} ; Serino-Silva, Caroline ^{[1, 2]} ; Bittencourt Rodrigues, Caroline Fabri ^{[1, 2]} ; Galizio, Nathalia da Costa ^{[1, 2]} ; Chiarelli, Tassia ^[3] ; Nishiduka, Erika Sayuri ^[3] ; Teixeira da Rocha, Marisa Maria ^[1] ; Sant'Anna, Savio Stefanini ^[1] ; Grego, Kathleen Fernandes ^[1] ; Tashima, Alexandre Keiji ^[3] ; Tanaka-Azevedo, Anita Mitico ^{[1, 2]} ; de Morais-Zani, Karen ^{[1, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Inst Butantan, Lab Herpetol, Ave Vital Brazil 1500, BR-05503900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Butantan, Inst Pesquisas Tecnol, Interunidades Biotecnol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Bioquim, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Toxicon; v. 193, p. 73-83, APR 15 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The venom color variation of Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt) is attributed to the presence of the toxin L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO). During the venom milking routine of Institute Butantan, we have noticed that most venoms of captive Cdt specimens show a yellowish color, while most venoms of wild specimens are white. Here we describe a comparative analysis of long-term captive (LTC) and recently wild-caught (RWC) Cdt, focusing on LAAO variation. For the identification of LAAO in individual venoms, four different approaches were employed: evaluation of the enzymatic activity, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, and ELISA. In addition, mass spectrometry analysis was performed using pooled samples. Although some variation among these methodologies was observed, it was possible to notice that the presence of LAAO was significantly higher in the venom of LTC individuals. LAAO was identified in 60-80% LTC specimens and in only 10-12% of RWC specimens. Furthermore, this enzyme accounts for 5.6% of total venom proteins of LTC Cdt pooled venom, while it corresponds to only 0.7% of RWC Cdt pooled venom. These findings strongly suggest that captive maintenance increases the expression of LAAO in Cdt venom. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/25786-0 - Phospholipase A2 inhibitors (PLIs) present in venomous and non-venomous snake plasmas and evaluation of the neutralizing activity of these inhibitors on the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities of snake venoms
• Grantee: Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/11108-0 - Comparative study of biomolecules composition of Bothrops jararaca and Crotalus durissus terrificus venom born and maintained at the Butantan Institute and newly arrived from nature
• Grantee: Karen de Morais Zani
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/01890-0 - Comparative study of Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venoms born in captivity in the Laboratory of Herpetology of Butantan Institute and the national crotalic reference venom
• Grantee: Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 16/09976-9 - Comparison of venom from Bothrops jararaca snake maintained in captivity and newly arrived from nature
• Grantee: Nathália da Costa Galizio
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 17/20106-9 - Peptidomics of Brazilian snake and spider venoms
• Grantee: Alexandre Keiji Tashima
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/21052-0 - Sepsis: mechanisms, therapeutic targets and epidemiology
• Grantee: Reinaldo Salomão
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 17/16908-2 - Proteomic characterization and enzymatic and pathophysiological activities of the venom of the snake species that compose the Bothrops neuwiedi group
• Grantee: Karen de Morais Zani
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 18/14724-4 - Proteomic and functional characterization of the venom of two species of snakes of the genus Bothrops submitted to diet change
• Grantee: Nathália da Costa Galizio
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master