Adherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index and Obesity Indicators in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Author(s)

Cacau, Leandro Teixeira ^{[1, 2]} ; Bensenor, Isabela Martins ^{[3, 4]} ; Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho ^[4] ; Cardoso, Leticia Oliveira ^[5] ; Lotufo, Paulo Andrade ^{[3, 4]} ; Moreno, Luis A. ^{[2, 6, 7, 8]} ; Marchioni, Dirce Maria ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Hlth Sci, Growth Exercise Nutr & Dev GENUD Res Grp, Zaragoza 50009 - Spain

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Clin Med, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Univ Hosp, Clin & Epidemiol Res Ctr, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[5] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, BR-21041210 Rio De Janeiro - Brazil

^[6] Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr, Madrid 28040 - Spain

^[7] Inst Agroalimentario Aragon IA2, Zaragoza 50013 - Spain

^[8] Inst Invest Sanitaria Aragon, Zaragoza 50009 - Spain

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: NUTRIENTS; v. 13, n. 11 NOV 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The EAT-Lancet Commission has proposed a model diet to improve the health of human beings and that of the planet. Recently, we proposed the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) to assess adherence of the population to this model diet. In this study, we aimed to evaluate adherence to the PHDI and obesity outcomes using baseline data from 14,515 participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The dietary data were assessed using a 114-item FFQ. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were both used continuously and categorized. Linear and multinomial regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors were performed to assess the relationship between adherence to PHDI and outcomes. An inverse association was observed between adherence to PHDI and obesity indicators. Individuals with high adherence to the PHDI had lower BMI (beta-0.50 95% CI-0.73:-0.27) and WC (beta-1.70 95% CI-2.28:-1.12) values. They were also 24% less likely to be overweight (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.67:0.85) or obese (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.65:0.88), and they were 14% and 27% less likely to have increased WC (OR 0.86 95% CI 0.75:0.98) or substantially increased WC (OR 0.73 95% CI 0.64:0.83) than those with lower adherence. Our results showed that higher adherence to the PHDI may decrease obesity indicators. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/12256-4 - Calcium score and coronary atherosclerosis in an adult cohort
• Grantee: Paulo Andrade Lotufo
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 19/13424-0 - Progression of subclinical Atherosclerosis markers and a priori eating patterns: an analysis to the longitudinal study in adult health (ELSA-Brazil)
• Grantee: Leandro Teixeira Cacau
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)
• FAPESP's process: 20/12326-1 - Association between an index based on planetary health diet and cardiovascular risk outcomes: analysis of epidemiological studies
• Grantee: Leandro Teixeira Cacau
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships abroad - Research Internship - Doctorate (Direct)