Bothrops bilineatus: An Arboreal Pitviper in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest

Author(s):Show less -

Bernarde, Paulo Sergio ^[1] ; Pucca, Manuela Berto ^{[2, 3]} ; Mota-da-Silva, Ageane ^[4] ; da Fonseca, Wirven Lima ^[1] ; de Almeida, Marllus Rafael Negreiros ^[1] ; de Oliveira, Isadora Sousa ^[5] ; Cerni, Felipe Augusto ^[3] ; Gobbi Grazziotin, Felipe ^[6] ; Sartim, Marco A. ^{[7, 8, 9]} ; Sachett, Jacqueline ^{[10, 11]} ; Wen, Fan Hui ^[12] ; Moura-da-Silva, Ana Maria ^{[13, 7]} ; Monteiro, Wuelton M. ^{[7, 10]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Univ Fed Acre, Lab Herpetol, Cruzeiro Do Sul - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Roraima, Curso Med, Boa Vista - Brazil

^[3] Univ Fed Roraima, Programa Posgrad Ciencias, Boa Vista - Brazil

^[4] Inst Fed Acre, Campus Cruzeiro Sul, Cruzeiro Do Sul - Brazil

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Ciencias Biomol, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[6] Inst Butantan, Lab Colecoes Zool, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[7] Fdn Med Trop Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Dept Ensino & Pesquisa, Manaus - Brazil

^[8] Univ Fed Amazonas, Inst Ciencias Biol, Manaus - Brazil

^[9] Univ Nilton Lins, Dept Posgrad, Manaus - Brazil

^[10] Univ Estado Amazonas, Escola Super Ciencias Saude, Manaus - Brazil

^[11] Fundacao Alfredo Matta, Dept Ensino & Pesquisa, Manaus - Brazil

^[12] Inst Butantan, Nucl Estrateg Venenos & Antivenenos, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[13] Inst Butantan, Lab Imunopatol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY; v. 12, DEC 15 2021.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

The two-striped forest-pitviper (Bothrops bilineatus) is an arboreal snake that is currently represented by two subspecies (B. b. bilineatus and B. b. smaragdinus) that comprise a species complex, and its distribution is in the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest. The rarity of encounters with this snake is reflected in the low occurrence of cases of snakebites throughout its geographic distribution and the resulting low number of published clinical reports. However, in some areas, B. bilineatus proves to be more frequent and causes envenomations in a greater proportion. Herein, we review the main aspects of the species complex B. bilineatus, including its biology, ecology, taxonomy, morphology, genetic and molecular studies, geographic distribution, conservation status, venom, pathophysiology and clinical aspects, and epidemiology. In addition, the different antivenoms available for the treatment of envenomations caused by B. bilineatus are presented along with suggestions for future studies that are needed for a better understanding of the snakebites caused by this snake. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 20/13176-3 - Human monoclonal antibodies (scFv) discovery with cross-reactivity and pH-dependent to metalloproteases from Bothrops spp
• Grantee: Isadora Sousa de Oliveira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 16/50127-5 - Dimensions US-BIOTA São Paulo: scales of biodiversity: integrated studies of snake venom evolution and function across multiple levels of diversity
• Grantee: Inácio de Loiola Meirelles Junqueira de Azevedo
• Support Opportunities: BIOTA-FAPESP Program - Thematic Grants