Sidedress Nitrogen Application Rates to Sorghum lntercropped with Tropical Perennial Grasses

Autor(es)

Mateus, G. P. ^[1] ; Crusciol, C. A. C. ^[2] ; Pariz, C. M. ^[3] ; Borghi, E. ^{[4, 5]} ; Costa, C. ^[3] ; Martello, J. M. ^[2] ; Franzluebbers, A. J. ^[6] ; Castilhos, A. M. ^[3]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Sao Paulo Agcy Agribusiness Technol APTA, Andradina, SP - Brazil

^[2] UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[3] UNESP, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Anim Nutr & Breeding, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[4] UNESP, Coll Agr Sci, Botucatu, SP - Brazil

^[5] Brazilian Agr Res Corp EM BRA PA, Corn & Sorghum Res Ctr, Sete Lagoas, MG - Brazil

^[6] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 - USA

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: AGRONOMY JOURNAL; v. 108, n. 1, p. 433-447, JAN-FEB 2016.
• Citações Web of Science: 13

Resumo

Intercropping sorghum {[}Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] with tropical perennial grasses and using the appropriate rate of sidedress N application can maximize grain yield (GY) and revenue and can improve land-use efficiency (LUE). The effects of monocropped sorghum (MS) or sorghum intercropped with palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu; SPG) or guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa; SGG) and sidedress N application rates of 0, 50, 100, and 200 kg ha(-1) on leaf nutrient concentration, sorghum GY, revenue, and LUE were investigated during three growing seasons at Botucatu, SP, Brazil, on a clay, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Haplorthox. The SGG treatment had lower leaf N, P, and K concentrations and lower 1000-grain weight, shoot dry matter, and GY than MS and SPG at all sidedress N rates; MS and SPG at 200 kg ha-1 of sidedress N resulted in greater sorghum GYs (3.80 and 3.81 Mg ha-1, respectively). The forage dry matter production (FDMP) and crude protein of tropical perennial grasses were higher as a function of the sidedress N rate. The SGG treatment resulted in negative net profits for all sidedress N rates. The MS and SPG treatments (independent of sidedress N rates) resulted in similar net profits (approximately US\$85 and 560 ha(-1), respectively). The SPG treatment using 200 kg ha-1 of sidedress N resulted in a higher land equivalent ratio and relative N yield (1.27 and 123%, respectively) than SGG (0.96 and 107%, respectively). The SPG treatment with 200 kg ha(-1) of sidedress N is the best option for increasing sorghum GY, revenue, and FDMP from autumn to part of the spring and for improving LUE. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 03/01969-3 - Produção do sorgo granífero em consórcio com a Brachiaria brizantha em função da adubação nitrogenada
• Beneficiário: Cesar Checoli Choueiri
• Linha de fomento: Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica
• Processo FAPESP: 03/09914-3 - Sistemas de produção agrícola em semeadura direta
• Beneficiário: Ciro Antonio Rosolem
• Linha de fomento: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa PRONEX - Temático