Inflammatory and functional responses after (bio)diesel exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice. A comparison between diesel and biodiesel

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Timmerman, Tirza ^[1] ; de Brito, Jose Mara ^[1] ; de Almeida, Natalia Madureira ^[1] ; de Almeida, Francine Maria ^[2] ; Arantes-Costa, Fernanda Magalhaes ^[2] ; Guimaraes, Eliane Tigre ^[1] ; Faria Coimbra Lichtenfels, Ana Julia ^[1] ; Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero, Dolores Helena ^[1] ; de Oliveira, Regiani Carvalho ^[1] ; Amorim de lacerda, Joao Paulo ^[3] ; Moraes, Jamille Moreira ^[3] ; Pimental, Danilo Augusto ^[3] ; Saraiva-Romanholo, Beatriz Mangueira ^[2] ; Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilario ^[1] ; Vieira, Rodolfo de Paula ^{[4, 5]} ; Mauad, Thais ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, Expt Air Pollut Lab, LIM 05, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Clin Med, Lab Expt Therapeut LIM 20, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Technol Res Inst Sao Paulo IPT, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Brazilian Inst Teaching & Res Pulm & Exercise Imm, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[5] Brazil Univ, Postgrad Program Bioengn, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Environmental Pollution; v. 253, p. 667-679, OCT 2019.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Many cities fail to meet air quality standards, which results in increased risk for pulmonary disorders, including asthma. Human and experimental studies have shown that diesel exhaust (DE) particles are associated with worsening of allergic asthma. Biodiesel (BD), a cleaner fuel from renewable sources, was introduced in the eighties. Because of the reduction in particulate matter (PM) emissions, BD was expected to cause fewer adverse pulmonary effects. However, only limited data on the effect of BD emissions in asthma are available. Objective: Determine whether BD exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice leads to different effects on inflammatory and functional responses compared to DE exposure. Methods: Balb/C mice were orotracheally sensitized with House Dust Mite (HDM) or a saline solution with 3 weekly instillations. From day 9 until day 17 after sensitization, they were exposed daily to filtered air (FA), DE and BD exhaust (concentration: 600 mu g/m(3) PM2.5). Lung function, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, TNF-alpha, TSLP) in the BALF, peribronchiolar eosinophils and parenchymal macrophages were measured. Results: HDM-sensitized animals presented increased lung elastance (p = 0.046), IgG1 serum levels (p = 0.029), peribronchiolar eosinophils (p = 0.028), BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.020), eosinophils (p = 0.028), IL-5 levels (p = 0.002) and TSLP levels (p = 0.046) in BALF. DE exposure alone increased lung elastance (p = 0.000) and BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.045), whereas BD exposure alone increased BALF TSLP levels (p = 0.004). BD exposure did not influence any parameters after HDM challenge, while DE exposed animals presented increased BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.019), lymphocytes (p = 0.000), neutrophils (p = 0.040), macrophages (p = 0.034), BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.028), and macrophagic inflammation in the lung tissue (p = 0.037), as well as decreased IgG1 (p = 0.046) and lgG2 (p = 0.043) levels when compared to the HDM group. Conclusion: The results indicate more adverse pulmonary effects of DE compared to BD exposure in allergic sensitized animals. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 08/57717-6 - Instituto Nacional de Análise Integrada de Risco Ambiental
• Beneficiário: Thais Mauad
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático