Zika virus seroprevalence in blood donors from the Northeastern region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between 2015 and 2017

Autor(es)

Slavov, Svetoslav Nanev ^{[1, 2]} ; Guaragna Machado, Rafael Rahal ^[3] ; Ferreira, Alexander Rodrigo ^[2] ; Soares, Camila Pereira ^[3] ; Araujo, Danielle Bastos ^[3] ; Leal Oliveira, Danielle Bruna ^[3] ; Covas, Dimas Tadeu ^[2] ; Durigon, Edison Luiz ^[3] ; Kashima, Simone ^[2]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Internal Med, BR-14049900 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Blood Ctr Ribeirao Preto, Lab Mol Biol, 2501 Tenente Catao Roxo St, BR-14051140 Ribeirao Preto, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Lab Clin & Mol Virol, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Infection; v. 80, n. 1, p. 111-115, JAN 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Objectives: Although primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitos, Zika virus (ZIKV) can also be transmitted by blood transfusion, due to the fact that some of the infected donors can establish asymptomatic viremia. ZIKV seroprevalence in Brazilian blood donors is unknown. The main reason for this gap in the knowledge originates from the difficulty in evaluating ZIKV humoral immunity due to antigenic cross-reactivity between the different Brazilian flaviviruses and, in particular, dengue virus (DENV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-ZIKV IgG prevalence in blood donors from the Northeast region of the Sao Paulo State, Brazil, which experienced a ZIKV outbreak in 2016. Methods: We evaluated the ZIKV seroprevalence using the NS1 anti-ZIKV IgG test (Euroimmun), followed by confirmation of the positive and borderline results using the Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT). ZIKV seroprevalence was estimated by testing plasma samples collected in 2015 (before the ZIKV outbreak), 2016 (during the outbreak) and 2017 (after the outbreak). In order to investigate possible antigenic cross - reactivity between ZIKV and DENV we also included samples that were taken well before the ZIKV outbreak, in years 2010 and 2013. Results: The results obtained by the Euroimmun anti-ZIKV IgG test demonstrated ZIKV seroreactivity in 2015, 2016, and 2017 with prevalences of 5.3%, 12.8% and 13.2%, respectively. The inclusion of blood donor samples from 2010 to 2013, demonstrated anti-ZIKV IgG reactivity only for 2013 (1.7%). The PRNT testing of the ZIKV positive and borderline ELISA reacting samples generated positive results only for the years of 2016 and 2017 (prevalences of 5.6% and 9.1%) which coincided with the introduction of ZIKV in our region. Conclusions: Our results estimate for the first time the ZIKV seroprevalence among Brazilian blood donors from a region with apparently extensive ZIKV circulation and which, at the same time, is highly endemic for DENV. We detected relatively low ZIKV seroprevalence in blood donors from the studied region probably due to the lower intensity of the outbreak compared to other Brazilian locations. Our study adds to the global understanding of ZIKV circulation and the herd immunity of the exposed population. (C) 2019 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/23205-8 - Avaliação do impacto de vírus emergentes e re-emergentes em hemoterapia e transplante de células-tronco por meio de técnicas moleculares avançadas
• Beneficiário: Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
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• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Pesquisa em Políticas Públicas para o SUS
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• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático