Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis

Autor(es)

Scharf, Pablo ^[1] ; Broering, Milena Fronza ^[1] ; Oliveira da Rocha, Gustavo Henrique ^[1] ; Farsky, Sandra Helena Poliselli ^[1]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Clin & Toxicol Anal, BR-00550800 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo de Revisão
• Fonte: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES; v. 21, n. 19 OCT 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Hematopoiesis is a complex and intricate process that aims to replenish blood components in a constant fashion. It is orchestrated mostly by hematopoietic progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells can originate other cell subtypes that are responsible for maintaining vital functions, mediate innate and adaptive immune responses, provide tissues with oxygen, and control coagulation. Hematopoiesis in adults takes place in the bone marrow, which is endowed with an extensive vasculature conferring an intense flow of cells. A myriad of cell subtypes can be found in the bone marrow at different levels of activation, being also under constant action of an extensive amount of diverse chemical mediators and enzymatic systems. Bone marrow platelets, mature erythrocytes and leukocytes are delivered into the bloodstream readily available to meet body demands. Leukocytes circulate and reach different tissues, returning or not returning to the bloodstream. Senescent leukocytes, specially granulocytes, return to the bone marrow to be phagocytized by macrophages, restarting granulopoiesis. The constant high production and delivery of cells into the bloodstream, alongside the fact that blood cells can also circulate between tissues, makes the hematopoietic system a prime target for toxic agents to act upon, making the understanding of the bone marrow microenvironment vital for both toxicological sciences and risk assessment. Environmental and occupational pollutants, therapeutic molecules, drugs of abuse, and even nutritional status can directly affect progenitor cells at their differentiation and maturation stages, altering behavior and function of blood compounds and resulting in impaired immune responses, anemias, leukemias, and blood coagulation disturbances. This review aims to describe the most recently investigated molecular and cellular toxicity mechanisms of current major environmental pollutants on hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/05430-4 - Efeitos da interação entre anexina A1 e PPAR gama sobre o desenvolvimento de colite experimental
• Beneficiário: Gustavo Henrique Oliveira da Rocha
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 19/19573-7 - Efeitos da exposição ao vapor aquecido do tabaco sobre a Artrite Reumatóide
• Beneficiário: Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 18/26383-7 - Efeitos da nanocápsula de núcleo lipídico contendo Anexina A1 em modelo de Colite Ulcerativa induzida em camundongos
• Beneficiário: Milena Fronza Broering
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 14/07328-4 - Identificação de vias endógenas para o controle da inflamação
• Beneficiário: Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático