Systematics and cryptic diversification of Leptodactylus frogs in the Brazilian campo rupestre

Autor(es)

Carvalho, Thiago R. ^{[1, 2]} ; Seger, Karin R. ^[3] ; Magalhaes, Felipe M. ^[4] ; Lourenco, Luciana B. ^[3] ; Haddad, Celio F. B. ^{[1, 2]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biodiversidade, Lab Herpetol, Rio Claro - Brazil

^[2] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Ctr Aquicultura, Rio Claro - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Biol Estrutural & Func, Lab Estudos Cromossom, Campinas - Brazil

^[4] Univ Fed Paraiba, Ctr Ciencias Exatas Nat, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Biol, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA; v. 50, n. 3 DEC 2020.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

The campo rupestre is a unique mountaintop ecosystem in eastern South America, recognised for its endemism and as ecological refugia for plant and animal taxa. Multiple clades of frogs are represented in the Brazilian campo rupestre. One such case is four species of the Leptodactylus fuscus group, three of which are endemic to specific mountain ranges (Leptodactylus camaquara, Leptodactylus oreomantis and Leptodactylus tapiti) and one that is more widespread across different mountain ranges (Leptodactylus cunicularius). In this study, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of the clade containing the four Leptodactylus species endemic to the campo rupestre ecosystem and explored the biogeographic scenarios of origin and diversification of these montane frogs. The origin and early diversification of this frog clade took place in the Espinhaco Mountain Range (EMR) in the Miocene. This was followed by successive dispersal events to other mountain ranges in a circular pathway and subsequent rapid lineage diversification during the Plio-Pleistocene transition and early Pleistocene. The diversification of this anuran clade was likely triggered by the Pleistocene climatic oscillations and culminated in the return of one of the montane species to the EMR. Contrasting patterns of phenotypic and genetic divergence indicate cryptic speciation in these frogs unaccompanied by phenotypic disparity. A phenotypically cryptic but highly divergent genetic lineage was found to represent a distinct evolutionary unit in the Northern EMR, described here as a new species (Leptodactylus avivoca sp. n.). The circular dispersal pathway in this frog clade revealed a unique diversification pattern among vertebrates endemic to the Brazilian campo rupestre. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 13/50741-7 - Diversidade e conservação dos anfíbios brasileiros
• Beneficiário: Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa BIOTA - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 12/15763-7 - Evolução do canto de anúncio no gênero Leptodactylus (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leptodactylinae), com aplicação taxonômica em populações e espécies do gênero
• Beneficiário: Thiago Ribeiro de Carvalho Tavares
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 17/08489-0 - Diversidade de vocalizações em Leptodactylidae e análise exploratória da morfologia vocal: uma abordagem filogenética comparativa sobre a evolução acústica em um grupo de anuros neotropicais
• Beneficiário: Thiago Ribeiro de Carvalho Tavares
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado