Government policies endanger the indigenous peoples of the Brazilian Amazon

Autor(es)

Conceicao, V, Katyanne ; Chaves, Michel E. D. ^[1] ; Picoli, Michelle C. A. ^[2] ; Sanchez, Alber H. ^[1] ; Soares, Anderson R. ^[3] ; Mataveli, V, Guilherme A. ; Silva, Daniel E. ^[4] ; Costa, Joelma S. ^[5] ; Camara, Gilberto ^[4]

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Earth Observat & Geoinformat Div, Av Astronautas 1758, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[2] Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth & Life Inst, Georges Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res TECLIM, Louvain La Neuve - Belgium

^[3] Cognizant Technol Solut, Rua Jaceru 151, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[4] Mataveli, Guilherme A., V, Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Earth Observat & Geoinformat Div, Av Astronautas 1758, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[5] Res Dev Fdn FUNDEP, Sci & Technol Pk Guama, Av Perimetral 2651, Belem, Para - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: LAND USE POLICY; v. 108, SEP 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 3

Resumo

The Brazilian Amazon rainforest deforestation rate increased by 34.1% between 2018 and 2019, reaching even protected areas, such as Indigenous Lands (ILs). In particular, Ituna/Itata IL, in the state of Para, restricted to the study of Igarape Ipiacava isolated indigenous people, has experienced a 654% deforestation rate increase during the same period. The mainstream deforestation analysis explains it as a struggle between conservation and development, which is commonly typified by large-scale producers who replace natural vegetation with pasturelands and crop fields, especially in agricultural frontiers, as ILs are barriers for protecting forests. In this work, we expose a devised and underlying deforestation process in Ituna/Itata, and argue that land grabbers and squatters have promoted this boom by moving in, clearing, subdividing, and occupying this IL as if it were real estate. Such process mischaracterizes it and obstructs the demarcation process, in the expectation of a land regularization law that authenticates selling the land in the future. This process seems to be promoted by the Brazilian Federal Government rhetoric and mediated by local politicians, somewhat passing on the message of feeble repression against invasions of public lands. Our results evidence a process of IL mischaracterization, with primary forests converted to pasturelands, and a 1994.30 ton year increase of annual estimates of fine particulate matter (PM 25 ) associated with fires. Also, 94% of Ituna/Itata has been claimed in the Brazilian Rural Environmental Registry, resembling a city allotment process, with a road network conditioning and suggesting axes of deforestation expansion. Measures to prevent deforestation are vital not only to sustain land demarcation processes but also to stop it from spreading to other ILs. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 16/02018-2 - Variação interanual do balanço de gases de efeito estufa na Bacia Amazônica e seus controles em um mundo sob aquecimento e mudanças climáticas – Carbam: estudo de longo termo do balanço do carbono da Amazônia
• Beneficiário: Luciana Vanni Gatti
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 19/25701-8 - Influência do uso e cobertura da terra na emissão de material particulado fino (PM2,5µm) por queimadas nos biomas Amazônia e Cerrado integrando modelagem e sensoriamento remoto
• Beneficiário: Guilherme Augusto Verola Mataveli
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado