L-Glutamine supplementation enhances glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase-1 activities in HDL of exercising older individuals

Autor(es):Mostrar menos -

Pires, Renier S. ^[1] ; Braga, Pedro G. S. ^[2] ; Santos, Juliana M. B. ^[3] ; Amaral, Jonatas B. ^[4] ; Amirato, Gislene R. ^[4] ; Trettel, Caio S. ^[5] ; Dos Santos, Carlos A. F. ^[6] ; Vaisberg, Mauro ^[4] ; Nali, Luis H. S. ^[1] ; Vieira, Rodolfo P. ^{[7, 8, 3]} ; Maranhao, Raul C. ^[2] ; Pithon-Curi, Tania C. ^[5] ; Barros, Marcelo P. ^[5] ; Bachi, Andre L. L. ^{[7, 1, 4]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Santo Amaro Univ UNISA, Postgrad Program Hlth Sci, Rua Prof Eneas de Siqueira Neto, BR-04829300 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch Hosp, Heart Inst InCor, Lipid Metab Lab, BR-05403900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Postgrad Program Sci Human & Rehabil, BR-11015020 Santos, SP - Brazil

^[4] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, ENT Lab, BR-04025002 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[5] Cruzeiro do Sul Univ, Inst Phys Act Sci & Sports ICAFE, Interdisciplinary Program Hlth Sci, BR-01506000 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[6] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Med Geriatr & Gerontol, BR-04020050 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[7] Brazilian Inst Teaching & Res Pulm & Exercise Imm, BR-12245520 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil

^[8] Univ Brasil, Postgrad Program Bioengn & Biomed Engn, BR-08230030 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Experimental Gerontology; v. 156, DEC 2021.
• Citações Web of Science: 0

Resumo

Background: Oxidative stress is an important factor in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) harbors paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), key enzymes in the protection against the harmful effects of oxidative stress. Although exercise training can increase both HDL-c content and its antioxidant action, and glutamine (Gln) intake also promotes GPx-based defenses, the association between exercise training and Gln in the regulation of PON-1 activity was not explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Gln supplementation on the redox balance and on the total HDL antioxidant capacity by evaluation of the activity of PON-1 and GPx enzymes in physically exercised elderly individuals compared to non-exercised ones. Methods: Fifty-one practitioners of a combined exercise training program (CET, age: 71.9 +/- 5.7 years) and 32 non-practitioners (NP, age: 73 +/- 6.3 years) participated in the study. CET and NP groups were separated into 2 subgroups according to the supplementation: Gln, 0.3 g/kg/day + 10 g maltodextrin (CET-Gln, n = 26; and NP-Gln, n = 16) or placebo, 10 g maltodextrin (CET-PL, n = 25; and NP-PL, n = 16). Blood samples were drawn at baseline and after 30 days after commencement of the supplementation for biochemical and enzyme activity analyses. Results: Increased HDL-c, total peroxidase (PRx), and GPx activities were found in both CET-Gln and NP-Gln after the supplementation period, compared to baseline, in opposition to CET-PL and NP-PL groups. PON-1 activity increased only in CET-Gln. In both CET-Gln and NP-Gln groups, there was a reduction of the total peroxides/PRx, iron/PRx, and total peroxides/GPX ratios after supplementation. In CET-Gln, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)/PRx and TBARS/GPx ratios were also lower after supplementation. CET-Gln and CET-PL subgroups had lower glycemia than NP-Gln and NP-PL, either at baseline or after the supplementation periods. The other parameters were unchanged after supplementation {[}total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, total peroxides, TBARS, iron serum, Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and uric acid]. Conclusions: Gln supplementation can increase glutathione peroxidase activity regardless the individuals were physically active or sedentary, but the PON-1 activity only increased in physically active individuals. These results show the potential of Gln supplementation in the maintenance of the vascular redox balance, with potential implications for atherogenesis protection. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 19/14115-0 - Influência da suplementação de L-glutamina na sarcopenia e resposta imune/inflamatória sistêmica e das vias aéreas de idosos praticantes ou não de um programa regular de exercícios físicos combinados submetidas à vacinação contra o vírus Influenza
• Beneficiário: André Luis Lacerda Bachi
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 12/15165-2 - Papel da sinalização purinérgica e da sinalização SOCS-JAK-STAT nos efeitos antiinflamatórios do treinamento aeróbio em modelos experimentais de asma e em indivíduos asmáticos
• Beneficiário: Rodolfo de Paula Vieira
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
• Processo FAPESP: 10/50025-1 - Influência da atividade física na resposta imune sistêmica e da mucosa das vias aéreas superiores de idosos submetidos a vacinação contra doenças respiratórias
• Beneficiário: André Luis Lacerda Bachi
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado