Eye Gaze Patterns during Reasoning Provide Insights Regarding Individual Differences in Underlying Cognitive Abilities

Autor(es)

Laurence, Paulo Guirro ; Jana, Tatiana Abrao ; Bunge, Silvia A. ; Macedo, Elizeu C.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENCE; v. 11, n. 4, p. 22-pg., 2023-04-01.

Resumo

Sequences of eye movements during performance of a reasoning task has provided insights into the strategies individuals use to solve that specific task; however, prior studies have not examined whether eye gaze metrics reflect cognitive abilities in a way that transcends a specific task. Thus, our study aimed to explore the relationship between eye movement sequences and other behavioral measures. Here, we present two studies that related different eye gaze metrics in a matrix reasoning task with performance on a different test of fluid reasoning and tests of planning, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Additionally, we related gaze metrics to self-reported executive functioning in daily life, as measured by BRIEF-A. To perform this, we classified the participants' eye gaze in each item of the matrices test using an algorithm and then used LASSO regression models with the cognitive abilities as the dependent variable to select eye-tracking metrics to predict it. Overall, specific and distinct eye gaze metrics predicted 57% variance in the fluid reasoning scores; 17% variance in the planning scores; and 18% variance in the working memory scores. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that the selected eye-tracking metrics reflect cognitive abilities that transcend specific tasks. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 15/22507-5 - Análise do padrão dos movimentos oculares em Testes de Funções Executivas e Tarefa de Busca Visual em Ambiente Real
• Beneficiário: Tatiana Abrão Jana
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Mestrado
• Processo FAPESP: 18/09654-7 - Relacionando estratégias cognitivo-visuais e funções executivas: exemplos com eye-tracking em tarefas de raciocínio indutivo e leitura
• Beneficiário: Paulo Guirro Laurence
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado