Current contribution of diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury

Autor(es)

Grassi, Daphine Centola ; da Conceicao, David Macedo ; Leite, Claudia da Costa ; Andrade, Celi Santos

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria; v. 76, n. 3, p. 11-pg., 2018-03-01.

Resumo

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the number one cause of death and morbidity among young adults. Moreover, survivors are frequently left with functional disabilities during the most productive years of their lives. One main aspect of TBI pathology is diffuse axonal injury, which is increasingly recognized due to its presence in 40% to 50% of all cases that require hospital admission. Diffuse axonal injury is defined as widespread axonal damage and is characterized by complete axotomy and secondary reactions due to overall axonopathy. These changes can be seen in neuroimaging studies as hemorrhagic focal areas and diffuse edema. However, the diffuse axonal injury findings are frequently under-recognized in conventional neuroimaging studies. In such scenarios, diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) plays an important role because it provides further information on white matter integrity that is not obtained with standard magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Extensive reviews concerning the physics of DTI and its use in the context of TBI patients have been published, but these issues are still hazy for many allied-health professionals. Herein, we aim to review the current contribution of diverse state-of-the-art DTI analytical methods to the understanding of diffuse axonal injury pathophysiology and prognosis, to serve as a quick reference for those interested in planning new studies and who are involved in the care of TBI victims. For this purpose, a comprehensive search in Pubmed was performed using the following keywords: "traumatic brain injury", "diffuse axonal injury", and "diffusion tensor imaging". (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 17/17065-9 - Análise de imagens por tensor de difusão do encéfalo de pacientes com lesão axonial difusa traumática moderada e severa
• Beneficiário: Daphine Centola Grassi
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Doutorado Direto
• Processo FAPESP: 15/18136-1 - Análise longitudinal multimodal de imagens por tensor de difusão do encéfalo de pacientes com lesão axonial difusa traumática moderada a severa
• Beneficiário: Celi Santos Andrade
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Jovens Pesquisadores
• Processo FAPESP: 16/05547-6 - Análise longitudinal multimodal de imagens por tensor de difusão do encéfalo de pacientes com lesão axonial difusa traumática moderada a severa
• Beneficiário: Celi Santos Andrade
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Jovens Pesquisadores