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3D-printed electrochemical sensor for rapid nicotine detection in e-cigarette liquids and artificial sweat

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Autor(es):
Dayan, Ariel ; Veloso, William B. ; Araujo, Diele A. G. ; Paixao, Thiago R. L. C.
Número total de Autores: 4
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: Microchemical Journal; v. 218, p. 9-pg., 2025-11-01.
Resumo

Nicotine (NIC) is the main active component of tobacco used recreationally across the world. The absence of standardized guidelines for e-cigarette manufacturing has become a concern from the health community side. Herein, we have proposed a 3D-printed electrochemical sensor fabricated using a 3D printing pen to quantify NIC in e-cigarette liquids and sweat samples. All electrodes were fabricated using a commercial conductive filament containing Poly(lactic acid) and carbon black (PLA/CB) deposited in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) platform. The electrochemical analysis were performed using 100 mu L of the solutions and samples, without requiring any (electro)chemical pre-treatment. This feature increases the applicability of the 3D-printed electrochemical sensors. The electrochemical characterization shows that 3D-printed counter electrodes do not influence the current limitations. It provided an analytical performance comparable to other reports based on sophisticated electrochemical systems, with a linear sensing range from 4.9 to 162.2 mg L- 1; the LOD found was 2.7 mg L- 1. The sensor was successfully applied to quantify NIC in e-cigarette liquids and artificial sweat using simple dilution. Also, most sample components in these samples showed no interference with the NIC signal. The sensor presents key advantages, including low-cost, scalable fabrication and direct NIC detection without conventional electrode pre-treatment. Therefore, we believe this paper brings important insights that could assist regulatory agencies in monitoring NIC levels in e-cigarette liquids and sweat. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 23/00246-1 - Dispositivos miniaturizados visando à produção em larga escala: fabricação, caracterização e aplicações in-situ
Beneficiário:Mauro Bertotti
Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Temático
Processo FAPESP: 22/01810-5 - Plataformas microfluídicas fabricadas com fios têxteis e impressão 3d para eletroanálises de amostras clínicas, ambiental e biológicas
Beneficiário:Diele Aparecida Gouveia Araújo
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado