Spatial pattern of adaptive and neutral genetic diversity across different biomes in the lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla)

Autor(es)

Clozato, Camila L. ^{[1, 2]} ; Mazzoni, Camila J. ^{[2, 3]} ; Moraes-Barros, Nadia ^{[1, 4]} ; Morgante, Joao S. ^[1] ; Sommer, Simone ^{[2, 5]}

Afiliação do(s) autor(es)

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Genet & Biol Evolut, Lab Biol Evolut & Conservacao Vertebrados, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res IZW, Evolutionary Genet, D-10315 Berlin - Germany

^[3] Berlin Ctr Genom Biodivers Res BeGenDiv, D-14195 Berlin - Germany

^[4] Univ Porto, InBio Lab Associado, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO, P-4485661 Quintas, Vairao - Portugal

^[5] Univ Ulm, Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm - Germany

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION; v. 5, n. 21, p. 4932-4948, NOV 2015.
• Citações Web of Science: 3

Resumo

The genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) code for proteins involved in antigen recognition and activation of the adaptive immune response and are thought to be regulated by natural selection, especially due to pathogen-driven selective pressure. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of MHC class IIDRB exon 2 gene diversity of the lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla) across five Brazilian biomes using next-generation sequencing and compared the MHC pattern with that of neutral markers (microsatellites). We found a noticeable high level of diversity in DRB (60 amino acid alleles in 65 individuals) and clear signatures of historical positive selection acting on this gene. Higher allelic richness and proportion of private alleles were found in rain forest biomes, especially Amazon forest, a megadiverse biome, possibly harboring greater pathogen richness as well. Neutral markers, however, showed a similar pattern to DRB, demonstrating the strength of demography as an additional force to pathogen-driven selection in shaping MHC diversity and structure. This is the first characterization and description of diversity of a MHC gene for any member of the magna-order Xenarthra, one of the basal lineages of placental mammals. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 08/52207-0 - Variabilidade genetica de algumas especies de vertebrados ameacadas pelo comercio ilegal: rotas e padroes do trafico e repatriacao de individuos apreendidos.
• Beneficiário: João Stenghel Morgante
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular