A new application of the switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction to analyze synthetic cannabinoids in plasma by LC-MS/MS

Autor(es)

Fabris, Andre Luis ; Martins, Aline Franco ; Costa, Jose Luiz ; Yonamine, Mauricio

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis; v. 234, p. 11-pg., 2023-09-20.

Resumo

Synthetic cannabinoids are still a growing trend among drug users and consist of a group of hundreds of highly potent compounds. To investigate the use of such substances, sample preparation of biological matrices is a crucial step prior to instrumental analysis. Although different efficient extraction techniques have been proposed for that aim, they usually do not fit eco-friendly guidelines that have been gaining popularity in recent years, such as Green Analytical Toxicology. This work uses describes for the first time the use of switchable hydro-philicity solvent-based homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction (SHS-HLLME) for synthetic cannabinoids. This is a green technique that replaces highly toxic organic reagents for switchable hydrophilicity solvents (SHS), substances that can be either water-miscible or immiscible depending on their protonation. Thus, by simply adjusting the pH of the system, these SHS can be used as extraction solvents. A full optimization study including type of SHS, volume of protonated SHS, volume of NaOH, salting-out effect, and extraction time was performed. The optimized procedure consisted of precipitating the proteins of 300 & mu;L of plasma with 300 & mu;L of acetonitrile followed by centrifugation; evaporation of the organic solvent under N2 stream; addition of 500 & mu;L of the pro-tonated DPA, DPA-HCl (6 M) (1:1, v/v); addition of 500 & mu;L of NaOH (10 M); and finally centrifugation and evaporation. Validation results showed determination coefficients & GE; 0.99 for the 0.1-10 ng/mL linear range; 0.01-0.08 ng/mL as limit of detection; 0.1 ng/mL as limit of quantitation; accuracy and imprecision were within acceptable ranges; matrix effect, recovery, and process efficiency ranged from-55.6 to 185.9%, 36-56.7%, and 18.5-148.4%, respectively. The SHS-HLLME herein described was fully optimized providing satisfactory re-coveries of 31 synthetic cannabinoids at low concentrations requiring only 300 & mu;L of plasma. In addition, the validation results showed that the technique is a reliable eco-friendly alternative for clinical and toxicological analysis. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 20/10809-5 - Técnicas de microextração em toxicologia forense
• Beneficiário: José Luiz da Costa
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 21/09857-8 - Projeto INSPEQT: investigação de novas substâncias psicoativas em química e toxicologia forense
• Beneficiário: Mauricio Yonamine
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular