Warming and water deficit impact the reproductive features of the tropical forage species Stylosanthes capitata

Autor(es)

Bonifacio-Anacleto, Fernando ; Martin, Juca Abramo Barrera San ; Reutemann, Andrea Guadalupe ; Habermann, Eduardo ; Nazareno, Alison Goncalves ; Pozner, Raul Ernesto ; Nogueira, Fernanda Mayara ; Martinez, Carlos Alberto ; Alzate-Marin, Ana Lilia

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY; v. 226, p. 11-pg., 2024-07-16.

Resumo

Increased temperature and water stress, alone and in combination, are among the factors that have the greatest influence on plant development and reproduction. However, little information is available about the effects of such stresses on tropical plant species. In this study, we investigated the effects of warming and two soil moisture conditions on the mating system of the tropical forage species Stylosanthes capitata , including the impact on seed anatomy and germination. Treatments consisted of two temperature levels, ambient ( aT ) and elevated ( eT , +2 degrees C above ambient temperature), and two soil water conditions, regular irrigated ( rI ) and non-irrigated ( nI , rainfed). We used a Temperature Free-Air Controlled Enhancement (T-FACE) facility to increase canopy temperature under field conditions. Under nI , regardless of temperature, plants exhibited a 39.5 % increase in the outcrossing rate which was attributed to limited floral resources. Consequently, there was a decreased rate of selffertilization. We observed contrasting effects between irrigation and temperature for druse density; while nI induced a high druse density in the seed cotyledons, eT showed lower druse density, resulting in an intermediate condition under nIeT . Elevated temperature, regardless of the soil moisture levels, also led to an increase in the mass of one hundred seeds and caused a 36 % thinning of the seed coat cuticle, presumably resulting in greater water absorption. In the germination process, seeds derived from plants developed under eT and irrigation conditions showed longer roots with more seeds germinating in the first 120 hours. The effects of warming and soil water content on seed production and germination observed here could have important consequences for the reproduction of tropical forage species such as S. capitata in future climate scenarios. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 08/58075-8 - Miniface climate-change impact experiment to analyze the effects of elevated CO2 and warming on photosynthesis, gene expression, biochemistry, growth, nutrient dynamics and yield of two contrasting tropical forage species
• Beneficiário: Carlos Alberto Martinez y Huaman
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Programa de Pesquisa sobre Mudanças Climáticas Globais - Temático
• Processo FAPESP: 20/16359-1 - Aclimatação, fluxo de carbono e emissão de gases estufa em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e Brachiaria Mavuno inoculadas com Azospirillum brasilense sob atmosfera aquecida em condições de campo
• Beneficiário: Eduardo Habermann
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado
• Processo FAPESP: 23/12687-2 - Estudo do desenvolvimento floral e da cinética do crescimento radicular em plantas transgênicas com níveis alterados de expressão de NtRH35 (NtDDX35)
• Beneficiário: Fernanda Mayara Nogueira
• Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Fixação de Jovens Doutores