The mitogenomic landscape of Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae), the sacred liana used for ayahuasca preparation

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Chavarro-Mesa, Edisson ; Almeida, Joao Victor dos Anjos ; Silva, Saura R. ; Lopes, Simone Santos ; Barbosa, Jose Beethoven Figueiredo ; Oliveira, Danilo ; Correa, Maria Alice ; Moraes, Ana Paula ; Miranda, Vitor F. O. ; Prosdocimi, Francisco ; Varani, Alessandro M.

• Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
• Fonte: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY; v. 47, n. 2, p. 11-pg., 2024-01-01.

Resumo

The sacred ayahuasca brew, utilized by indigenous communities in the Amazon and syncretic religious groups in Brazil, primarily consists of a decoction of two plants: (i) the Amazonian liana known as Mariri or Jagube (Banisteriopsis caapi), and (ii) the shrub referred as Chacrona or Rainha (Psychotria viridis). While Chacrona leaves are rich in N,NDimethyltryptamine (DMT), a potent psychedelic, the macerated vine of Mariri provides beta-carboline alkaloids acting as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, preventing DMT's degradation. This study sequenced, assembled, and analyzed the complete genome of B. caapi's mitochondrion, yielding a circular structure spanning 503,502 bp. Although the mtDNA encompasses most plant mitochondrial genes, it lacks some ribosomal genes, presents some atypical genes, and contains plastid pseudogenes, suggesting gene transfer between organelles. The presence of a 7-Kb repetitive segment containing copies of the rrnL and trnfM genes suggests mitogenome isomerization, supporting the hypothesis of dynamic mitogenome maintenance in plants. Phylogenetics and phylogenomics across 24 Malpighiales confirms the sample's placement in the "Tucunac & aacute;" ethnovariety, aligning with morphological identification. This study spearheads efforts to decode the genome of this esteemed Malpighiaceae. (AU)

• Processo FAPESP: 22/15735-5 - Genômica dos dois principais componentes vegetais do chá da Ayahuasca (Banisteriopsis caapi e Psychotria viridis): desvendando a estrutura e evolução genômica, diversidade funcional, taxonômica e potencial enteógeno
• Beneficiário: Alessandro de Mello Varani
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular
• Processo FAPESP: 21/10639-5 - Centro de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Mudanças do Clima
• Beneficiário: Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato
• Modalidade de apoio: Auxílio à Pesquisa - Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão - CEPIDs