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Designing an Optimal Kilonova Search Using DECam for Gravitational-wave Events

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Bom, C. R. ; Annis, J. ; Garcia, A. ; Palmese, A. ; Sherman, N. ; Soares-Santos, M. ; Santana-Silva, L. ; Morgan, R. ; Bechtol, K. ; Davis, T. ; Diehl, H. T. ; Allam, S. S. ; Bachmann, T. G. ; Fraga, B. M. O. ; Garcia-Bellido, J. ; Gill, M. S. S. ; Herner, K. ; Kilpatrick, C. D. ; Makler, M. ; Olivares E., F. ; Pereira, M. E. S. ; Pineda, J. ; Santos, A. ; Tucker, D. L. ; Wiesner, M. P. ; Aguena, M. ; Alves, O. ; Bacon, D. ; Bernardinelli, P. H. ; Bertin, E. ; Bocquet, S. ; Brooks, D. ; Carrasco Kind, M. ; Carretero, J. ; Conselice, C. ; Costanzi, M. ; da Costa, L. N. ; De Vicente, J. ; Desai, S. ; Doel, P. ; Everett, S. ; Ferrero, I. ; Frieman, J. ; Gatti, M. ; Gerdes, D. W. ; Gruen, D. ; Gruendl, R. A. ; Gutierrez, G. ; Hinton, S. R. ; Hollowood, D. L. ; Honscheid, K. ; James, D. J. ; Kuehn, K. ; Kuropatkin, N. ; Melchior, P. ; Mena-Fernandez, J. ; Menanteau, F. ; Pieres, A. ; Plazas Malagon, A. A. ; Raveri, M. ; Rodriguez-Monroy, M. ; Sanchez, E. ; Santiago, B. ; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ; Smith, M. ; Suchyta, E. ; Swanson, M. E. C. ; Tarle, G. ; To, C. ; Weaverdyck, N.
Número total de Autores: 70
Tipo de documento: Artigo Científico
Fonte: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL; v. 960, n. 2, p. 21-pg., 2024-01-01.
Resumo

We address the problem of optimally identifying all kilonovae detected via gravitational-wave emission in the upcoming LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA observing run, O4, which is expected to be sensitive to a factor of similar to 7 more binary neutron star (BNS) alerts than previously. Electromagnetic follow-up of all but the brightest of these new events will require >1 m telescopes, for which limited time is available. We present an optimized observing strategy for the DECam during O4. We base our study on simulations of gravitational-wave events expected for O4 and wide-prior kilonova simulations. We derive the detectabilities of events for realistic observing conditions. We optimize our strategy for confirming a kilonova while minimizing telescope time. For a wide range of kilonova parameters, corresponding to a fainter kilonova compared to GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that, with this optimal strategy, the discovery probability for electromagnetic counterparts with the DECam is similar to 80% at the nominal BNS gravitational-wave detection limit for O4 (190 Mpc), which corresponds to an similar to 30% improvement compared to the strategy adopted during the previous observing run. For more distant events (similar to 330 Mpc), we reach an similar to 60% probability of detection, a factor of similar to 2 increase. For a brighter kilonova model dominated by the blue component that reproduces the observations of GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that we can reach similar to 90% probability of detection out to 330 Mpc, representing an increase of similar to 20%, while also reducing the total telescope time required to follow up events by similar to 20%. (AU)

Processo FAPESP: 20/03301-5 - Determinando as propriedades de galáxias hospedeiras de ondas gravitacionais
Beneficiário:Luidhy Santana da Silva
Modalidade de apoio: Bolsas no Brasil - Pós-Doutorado