| Texto completo | |
| Autor(es): |
Alzate-Marin, Ana Lilia
;
Rodrigues, Paulo Augusto Bomfim
;
Alzate-Martinez, Fabio Alberto
;
Machado, Gabriel Pinheiro
;
Martinez, Carlos Alberto
;
Bonifacio-Anacleto, Fernando
Número total de Autores: 6
|
| Tipo de documento: | Artigo Científico |
| Fonte: | GENES; v. 16, n. 4, p. 21-pg., 2025-03-28. |
| Resumo | |
Background/Objectives: Anadenanthera colubrina (popularly known as angico; in this study: Acol) is a bee-pollinated tree with gravity-dispersed seeds that occurs in dry tropical forests (SDTF), one of the most fragmented tropical ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed the resilience of 30 Acol Forest fragments of Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and the flow of pollinators among these fragments based on the flight ranges of Apis mellifera (6 km) and Trigona spinipes (8 km). Additionally, we investigated genetic diversity, spatial genetic structure (SGS), and phenology across generations of one Acol population (AcolPM), located in the urban fragment M103 in the "Parque Municipal Morro de Sao Bento" (a municipal park in Ribeirao Preto). Methods: We mapped Acol fragments using geospatial data, with relief and slope analysis derived from digital terrain modeling. We created a flow diagram based on the pollinator's flight ranges and calculated betweenness centrality. We amplified DNA from AcolPM individuals using 14 SSR molecular markers. Results: Notably, 17 of the 30 fragments occurred on slopes > 12%, terrain unsuitable for agriculture or construction, indicating that the presence of A. colubrina may serve as an indicator of territorial transformations. The AcolPM population (Fragment M103) emerged as a key node among the angicais, connected by the native pollinator T. spinipes, being fundamental for regional gene flow. In this focal population, we observed a slight but significant inbreeding (Fis, Fit, p < 0.01) and an SGS up to similar to 17 m. Genetic diversity was intermediate (He approximate to 0.62), and PCoA, Fst, and AMOVA values suggest low generational isolation, with most genetic variation within generations. This highlights AcolPM as a promising source for seed collection for reforestation. Phenological observations showed that fructification occurs between September and October, at the beginning of the rainy season. Conclusions: We concluded that Acol resilience is linked to the species' mixed-mating system and pollinator dynamics-driven connectivity, allowing for the maintenance of genetic diversity in fragmented landscapes, as well as its natural tendency to form dense angicais clusters in non-arable slopes. We reaffirmed A. colubrina as a valuable species for restoration and urban climate resilience, providing cooling shade to humans and wildlife alike while offering refuge and food for local insects and birds in a warming landscape. (AU) | |
| Processo FAPESP: | 13/01265-8 - Estudos genéticos em fina escala de duas espécies arbóreas comuns em remanescentes da Floresta Estacional Semidecidual no interior de SP |
| Beneficiário: | Ana Lilia Alzate Marin |
| Modalidade de apoio: | Auxílio à Pesquisa - Regular |
| Processo FAPESP: | 13/23416-8 - Estudos Genéticos de uma população natural de Anadenanthera colubrina localizada no Parque Municipal do Morro de São Bento, Ribeirão Preto - SP |
| Beneficiário: | Paulo Augusto Bomfim Rodrigues |
| Modalidade de apoio: | Bolsas no Brasil - Iniciação Científica |
| Processo FAPESP: | 13/18633-0 - IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE MARCADORES ESPECIE-ESPECÍFICOS DE DUAS ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS DO GENERO Anadenanthera |
| Beneficiário: | Fernando Bonifácio Anacleto |
| Modalidade de apoio: | Bolsas no Brasil - Programa Capacitação - Treinamento Técnico |